San Antonio: rockhopper, gentoo, chinstrap, and king
San Diego: emperor, king, adelie, gentoo, and macaroni
Orlando: unspecified, but from another part of the website no additional Antarctic species are listed besides the ones above.
They also list Magellanic and Humboldt species but do not specify where. I have been to both Orlando and San Antonio recently and did not see them, so I suspect they are only in San Diego in the outdoor exhibit that is only in front of San Diego's facility.
San Diego also has chinstrap. The Magellanic penguins in San Diego are outside in front of the Penguin Encounter, and the Humboldt penguins are off-display.