@Jana keeping dogs isn’t unheard of in Turkey. I have seen it done at the Atatürk Forest Farm Zoo (now closed), Keçiören Domestic Animals Park (which didn’t had dogs when I went there last year to take pictures), Karatay Municipal Zoo (which I have pictures of the dogs), and of course Polonezköy/Adampol where this picture takes place. The other places I mentioned usually kept the dogs in squalid pens and since some of them are large guardian breeds visitors didn’t interact with them. There’s also the fact that dogs are considered unhygienic per Islam which might be a reason why a dog isn’t treated more differently than a wild animal.
Since you did bring up China from East Asia, another country in the same region does have dog petting areas. Most privately owned zoos in Japan do offer interaction with dogs that are kept in varying conditions from being tethered to being kept at a designated room or pen.
