Exotic animal cafes are also being popular in Southeast Asia so I think the illegal trafficking is also destined for exotic animal cafes.
If those smuggled Star tortoises go to turning points like Thailand the situation will be worse, because they will be labeled as “Captive bred” and sold legally.
Why there is some Appendix I species still constantly smuggled even though we buy CB individuals? One of the main reasons is the country is impoverished.