This is my list of non-ape primates in US institutions, from USDA inspections. I have NOT proofed this or anything, just wrote down species as I was looking for something else; the only thing I've done is look up the more typical common names based on latin names provided by USDA. If there is a name in parentheses, that's what it is called in their system. I can do a document search for any that you want locations for.
Baboons: Guinea, Hamadryas, Olive
Bushbabies & Galagos: Allen’s bushbaby, Brown Greater galago (greater bushbaby), Mohol (senegal) bushbaby, Northern Greater galago, Senegal (northern lesser) bushbaby
Capuchins & Squirrels: Bare-eared (golden-backed) squirrel, Black-capped squirrel, Common squirrel, Tufted capuchin, Wedge-capped (weeper) capuchin, White-fronted (brown pale-fronted) capuchin, White-headed capuchin
Colobuses: Angolan, Eastern B&W/Mantled Guereza, Western B&W/King
Gibbons: Buff-cheeked gibbon, Lar gibbon, Mueller’s (grey) gibbon, Northern White-cheeked gibbon, Pileated gibbon, Siamang, Silvery (javan) gibbon, Western Hoolock gibbon
Guenons: Blue monkey, De Brazza’s monkey, Diana monkey, Hamlyn’s monkey, Lesser Spot-nosed monkey, Mona monkey, Red-tailed monkey, Wolf’s guenon, Zanzibar Sykes monkey
Howlers: Black, Bolivian Red, Brown, Guatemalan Black/Guatemalan Mantled
Lemurs: Aye-Aye, Black, Black & White Ruffed, Blue-eyed Black, Collared Brown (red-collared brown), Common Brown, Crowned, Coquerel’s Sifaka, Eastern Lesser Bamboo (grey gentle), Fat-tailed Dwarf, Grey Mouse (lesser mouse), Mongoose, Red Ruffed, Red-bellied, Ring-tailed, White-fronted Brown (white-fronted)
Lorises: Potto, Pygmy Slow loris, Red Slender (slender) loris, Sunda Slow (slow) loris
Lutungs: Dusky leaf monkey, Francois’ langur, Javan lutung, Silvery lutung
Macaques: Assam, Barbary (barbary ape), Bonnet, Crab-eating, Formosan Rock (Taiwan), Japanese, Lion-tailed, Pig-tailed, Rhesus, Stump-tailed, Sulawesi Crested, Tonkean
Mangabeys: Agile, Black Crested (black), Golden-bellied, Red-capped
Marmosets: Black-tufted (black-eared), Buffy-tufted (white-eared), Common, Geoffroy’s (white-fronted), Goeldi’s, Pygmy, Wied’s (black tufted-ear)
Night Monkeys: Azara’s, Black-headed, Gray-bellied, Gray-handed, Nancy Ma’s, Spix’s, Three-striped
Spider & Woolly monkeys: Black-headed spider monkey, Brown spider monkey, Brown woolly, Geoffroy’s (black-handed) spider monkey, Long-haired/White-bellied spider monkey, Peruvian (black) spider monkey, Red-faced spider monkey, Southern Muriqui (woolly spider)
Tamarins: Black (golden-rumped), Cottontop, Emperor, Geoffroy’s, Golden Lion, Golden-headed, Pied (bare-faced), Red-handed, Saddle-back
Titis & Sakis: Atlantic titi, Coppery titi, Red-backed Bearded saki, Red-bellied (dusky) titi, White-eared (reed) titi, White-faced saki
Others: Allen’s Swamp monkey, Angolan Talapoin, Drill, Crested Mona monkey (crowned guenon), Gelada, Grivet, Javan Surili, Mandrill, Northern Plains Gray langur/Sacred langur, Patas monkey, Vervet