The Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Impact & Cure

Hyak_II said:
I wouldn't be so quick to list Ms.Betts cause of death as due to herpes. Beside being 11 years old and outside of the most vulnerable age group, theres simply not enough evidence to list it as herpes.
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Elephant Enthusiast said:
You make a valid point @Hyak_II. Given Miss Bets age at the time of her passing and the few deaths caused by EEHV in African elephant calves residing in North America, it’s unlikely that her death was connected to EEHV. However, the reason I suspected EEHV as the potential cause of death was because Miss Bets was diagnosed with a strain of virus at a young age, and her rapid decline in health was similar to that caused by EEHV. Ultimately, the necropsy results will provide explanation as to Miss Bets sudden and unexpected passing. Also, has the Fresno Chaffee Zoo made public the cause of her death?
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...Then further post mortem testing demonstrated that her initial EEHV results were a false negative and Miss Betts actually had a marked spike in EEHV numbers and virus replicating throughout her body and the diagnosis was made that EEHV was the major contributing agent to her sudden death.

Source: https://www.fresnochaffeezoo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2019_AnnualReport.pdf
 
A couple updates since the last post:

Batu and Ajay at Rosamond Gifford Zoo both sadly passed away from EEHV in December 2020.

Kiran at Leipzig Zoo also sadly passed away on June 18th.

However, zoos are continuing to get better at treating their calves and more and more calves are starting to recover from this virus: Amithi at Pairi Daiza and Kairavi at OKC Zoo both recently recovered from EEHV!
 
Sad news for Rosamond. They're a fairly prolific breeder but it seems all of their most recent calves have succumbed to EEHV :(

~Thylo
 
What is the official at risk age for contracting EEHV? I believe it is 2 to 8 years old. Despite this once 5 the likelihood of an Elephant Calf dramatically decreases. This being said Elephants in 5 to 8 years old bracket are more likely to catch EEHV than an elder Elephant. Can someone please tell me if my information is correct?

If an Elephant contracts EEHV and survives are they likely to survive a relapse and die? I would assume survivors of EEHV develop the Antibodies to help them pull through any further relapses.

I would be extremely grateful if someone could answer my questions.

@The Hedgehog
 
The Hedgehog said:
@Elephant Enthusiast could you please make an up to date list of EEHV survivors?
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Here you go:

0.1 Chandra (Onyx x Moola) 1996-07-02 (Dickerson Park Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
1.0 Doc (Charlie x Alana) 1997-05-08 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Rosamond Gifford Zoo
1.0 Obert (Buke x Isa) 2003-08-20 (Endangered Ark Foundation) Endangered Ark Foundation
0.1 Maliha (Raja x Ellie) 2006-08-02 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
0.1 Jade (Raja x Rani) 2007-02-25 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
1.0 Barack (Doc x Bonnie) 2009-01-19 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Center for Elephant Conservation
1.0 Baylor (Thai x Shanti) 2010-05-04 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Tupelo (Thai x Tess) 2010-10-03 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Amithi (Nikolai x Farina) 12-24-2012 (Hannover Zoo) Pairi Daiza
1.0 Namsai (Raja x Bua) 2013-07-27 (Kolmarden Zoo) Heidelberg Zoo
0.1 Tarli (Raja x Damini) 2014-09-24 (Woburn Safari Park) Woburn Safari Park
0.1 Achara (Rex x Asha) 2014-12-22 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
0.1 Indali (Aung Bo x Sundara) 2016-12-17 (Chester Zoo) Chester Zoo
0.1 Joy (Thailand x Shanti) 2017-07-12 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Kairavi (Rex x Asha) 2018-10-09 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
 
The Hedgehog said:
What is the official at risk age for contracting EEHV? I believe it is 2 to 8 years old. Despite this once 5 the likelihood of an Elephant Calf dramatically decreases. This being said Elephants in 5 to 8 years old bracket are more likely to catch EEHV than an elder Elephant. Can someone please tell me if my information is correct?

If an Elephant contracts EEHV and survives are they likely to survive a relapse and die? I would assume survivors of EEHV develop the Antibodies to help them pull through any further relapses.

I would be extremely grateful if someone could answer my questions.

@The Hedgehog
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Two to eight years of age are the high risk age group for EEHV fatalities. The majority of fatalities appear to occur in calves aged two to four (around the age of weaning), but can occur in older calves. To date, the Australasian region has lost one elephant to this virus - and that was an almost eight year old female.

Since there are multiple strains of EEHV, it’s not unreasonable to assume that surviving EEHV would protect the elephant against that particular strain; but would likely offer little to no protection against the other strains. Similar to how being vaccinated for Meningococcal C doesn’t protect you against Meningococcal B. Since research is still continuing into EEHV, there are still a lot of unknowns and while these assumptions are not unreasonable based on knowledge of other viruses, I want to be clear it is not established fact.
 
Animals R AMAZING! said:
Here you go:

0.1 Chandra (Onyx x Moola) 1996-07-02 (Dickerson Park Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
1.0 Doc (Charlie x Alana) 1997-05-08 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Rosamond Gifford Zoo
1.0 Obert (Buke x Isa) 2003-08-20 (Endangered Ark Foundation) Endangered Ark Foundation
0.1 Maliha (Raja x Ellie) 2006-08-02 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
0.1 Jade (Raja x Rani) 2007-02-25 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
1.0 Barack (Doc x Bonnie) 2009-01-19 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Center for Elephant Conservation
1.0 Baylor (Thai x Shanti) 2010-05-04 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Tupelo (Thai x Tess) 2010-10-03 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Amithi (Nikolai x Farina) 12-24-2012 (Hannover Zoo) Pairi Daiza
1.0 Namsai (Raja x Bua) 2013-07-27 (Kolmarden Zoo) Heidelberg Zoo
0.1 Tarli (Raja x Damini) 2014-09-24 (Woburn Safari Park) Woburn Safari Park
0.1 Achara (Rex x Asha) 2014-12-22 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
0.1 Indali (Aung Bo x Sundara) 2016-12-17 (Chester Zoo) Chester Zoo
0.1 Joy (Thailand x Shanti) 2017-07-12 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Kairavi (Rex x Asha) 2018-10-09 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
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0.1 Sanuk (Mekong x Thong Tai) 2016-10-16 (Artis Zoo) Artis Zoo
 
Animals R AMAZING! said:
Here you go:

0.1 Chandra (Onyx x Moola) 1996-07-02 (Dickerson Park Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
1.0 Doc (Charlie x Alana) 1997-05-08 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Rosamond Gifford Zoo
1.0 Obert (Buke x Isa) 2003-08-20 (Endangered Ark Foundation) Endangered Ark Foundation
0.1 Maliha (Raja x Ellie) 2006-08-02 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
0.1 Jade (Raja x Rani) 2007-02-25 (Saint Louis Zoo) Saint Louis Zoo
1.0 Barack (Doc x Bonnie) 2009-01-19 (Center for Elephant Conservation) Center for Elephant Conservation
1.0 Baylor (Thai x Shanti) 2010-05-04 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Tupelo (Thai x Tess) 2010-10-03 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Amithi (Nikolai x Farina) 12-24-2012 (Hannover Zoo) Pairi Daiza
1.0 Namsai (Raja x Bua) 2013-07-27 (Kolmarden Zoo) Heidelberg Zoo
0.1 Tarli (Raja x Damini) 2014-09-24 (Woburn Safari Park) Woburn Safari Park
0.1 Achara (Rex x Asha) 2014-12-22 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
0.1 Indali (Aung Bo x Sundara) 2016-12-17 (Chester Zoo) Chester Zoo
0.1 Joy (Thailand x Shanti) 2017-07-12 (Houston Zoo) Houston Zoo
0.1 Kairavi (Rex x Asha) 2018-10-09 (Oklahoma City Zoo) Oklahoma City Zoo
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@Animals R AMAZING! how many of these Calf’s have suffered a relapse of EEHV,and are all of the Calf’s stuff alive? This information could be an indicator of does surviving EEHV immunise against it. It would be interesting to know if any of the survivors offspring have themselves contacted EEHV.
 
The Hedgehog said:
@Animals R AMAZING! how many of these Calf’s have suffered a relapse of EEHV,and are all of the Calf’s stuff alive? This information could be an indicator of does surviving EEHV immunise against it. It would be interesting to know if any of the survivors offspring have themselves contacted EEHV.
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Afaik Maliha, Jade, Baylor, and Tupelo have all suffered relapses. Most of the survivors have not had calves of their own but of the ones that have, only Doc's calves have contracted the virus. His eldest son Barack is on the list of survivors but unfortunately his younger two sons Batu and Ajay both passed away from the virus in December 2020.
 
Animals R AMAZING! said:
Afaik Maliha, Jade, Baylor, and Tupelo have all suffered relapses. Most of the survivors have not had calves of their own but of the ones that have, only Doc's calves have contracted the virus. His eldest son Barack is on the list of survivors but unfortunately his younger two sons Batu and Ajay both passed away from the virus in December 2020.
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@Animals R AMAZING! when Maliha,Jade Baylor and Tupelo suffered their relapses were they as severely ill as when the first contracted EEHV?
 
Is there any difference how elephant calves are weaned off mothers milk in the wild and in zoos? This could make outbreak more likely
 
Here is the updated version of Asian Elephants that passed away to EEHV

1.0 Astor (Groucho x Patty) 1981-08-20 (Bronx Zoo) 1983-01-26 (Bronx Zoo)
0.1 Lohimi (Maxi x Claudy) 1985-05-24 (Circus Knie) 1988-07-21 (Circus Knie)
1.0 Beau Thai (Thai x Methai) 1984-02-01 (Houston Zoo) 1988-08-26 (African Lion Safari)
0.1 Pearl (Thai x Indu) 1988-12-07 (Houston Zoo) 1991-09-02 (Lincoln Park Zoo)
0.1 Maiya (Onyx x Connie) 1991-07-26 (Dickerson Park Zoo) 1993-02-28 (Dickerson Park Zoo)
1.0 Maverick (Sneezy x Tooma) 1986-10-05 (Tulsa Zoo) 1993-11-26 (Tulsa Zoo)
0.1 Kumari (Indy x Shanthi) 1993-12-14 (Smithsonian National Zoo) 1995-04-26 (Smithsonian National Zoo)
1.0 Kenny (Vance x Minyak) 1994-08-19 (Busch Gardens Tampa) 1998-01-24 (Barnum & Bailey Ringling Brothers Circus)
0.1 Indira (Ramon x Irma) 1995-03-01 (Rotterdam Zoo) 1998-07-13 (Rotterdam Zoo)
1.0 Kiba (Thai x Methai) 1987-12-31 (Houston Zoo) 1998-08-30 (Berlin Zoo)
1.0 Willi (Alexander x Bernhardine) 1999-01-11 (Munster Zoo) 1999-01-12 (Munster Zoo)
1.0 Xian (Maxi x Ceyla Himali) 1997-09-08 (Zurich Zoo) 1999-11-20 (Zurich Zoo)
0.1 Singgah (Thai x Methai) 1993-12-29 (Houston Zoo) 2000-01-01 (Houston Zoo)
1.0 Kala (Onyx x Patience) 1998-05-17 (Dickerson Park Zoo) 2000-11-29 (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)
1.0 Plai Kiri (Kiba x Pang Pha) 2000-04-05 (Berlin Zoo) 2000-12-28 (Berlin Zoo)
1.0 Haji (Onyx x Moola) 1999-11-28 (Dickerson Park Zoo) 2002-06-07 (Dickerson Park Zoo)
1.0 Senang (Alexander x Bernhardine) 2002-01-20 (Rotterdam Zoo) 2002-12-20 (Rotterdam Zoo)
0.1 Preya (Indy x Romani) 2000-02-10 (Rosamond Gifford Zoo) 2003-04-12 (Rosamond Gifford Zoo)
1.0 Aishu (Maxi x Ceyla Himali) 2000-06-10 (Zurich Zoo) 2003-10-15 (Zurich Zoo)
0.1 Jennie (Buke x Isa) 1998-09-06 (Endangered Ark Foundation) 2004-04-12 (Endangered Ark Foundation)
0.1 Kimba (Thai x Methai) 1991-07-17 (Houston Zoo) 2004-09-05 (Houston Zoo)
1.0 Stillborn (Luka x Yu Yu Yin) 2005-05-28 (Port Lympne Wild Animal Park) 2005-05-28 (Port Lympne Wild Animal Park)
1.0 Sitang (Luka x Khiang Phyo Phyo) 2002-06-30 (Port Lympne Wild Animal Park) 2005-08-15 (Port Lympne Wild Animal Park)
1.0 Ganesh (Sabu x Jati) 1998-03-15 (Cincinnati Zoo) 2005-08-16 (Columbus Zoo)
1.0 Logan (Rex x Lilly) 2006-04-13 (African Lion Safari) 2008-03-24 (African Lion Safari)
0.1 Aneena (Emmett x Kaylee) 2004-03-16 (Whipsnade Zoo) 2006-12-17 (Whipsnade Zoo)
0.1 Hansa (Onyx x Chai) 2000-11-03 (Woodland Park Zoo) 2007-06-08 (Woodland Park Zoo)
0.1 Nisha (Sabu x Moola) 2006-07-18 (Dickerson Park Zoo) 2007-12-01 (Dickerson Park Zoo)
0.1 Malti (Spike x Maharani) 2007-08-09 (Calgary Zoo) 2008-11-01 (Calgary Zoo)
1.0 Mac (Thai x Shanti) 2006-10-01 (Houston Zoo) 2008-11-09 (Houston Zoo)
1.0 Donaldson (Emmett x Azizah) 2008-01-17 (Whipsnade Zoo) 2009-05-03 (Whipsnade Zoo)
0.1 Leelee (Emmett x Kaylee) 2007-01-19 (Whipsnade Zoo) 2009-05-17 (Whipsnade Zoo)
1.0 Raman (Upali x Thi Hi Way) 2006-11-12 (Chester Zoo) 2009-07-23 (Chester Zoo)
1.0 JP (Tusko x Rosie) 2006-12-12 (Have Trunk Will Travel) 2010-06-22 (Have Trunk Will Travel)
0.1 Shaina Pali (Victor x Pang Pha) 2005-06-15 (Berlin Zoo) 2011-04-05 (Berlin Zoo)
1.0 Ganesh Vijay (Emmett x Noorjahan) 2009-08-06 (Twycross Zoo) 2011-04-13 (Twycross Zoo)
0.1 Ko Raya (Victor x Pang Pha) 2009-03-15 (Berlin Zoo) 2011-05-27 (Berlin Zoo)
0.1 Arwen (Ant Bwe Lay x Homaline) 2012-05-29 (Pont Scorff Zoo) 2013-06-24 (Pont Scorff Zoo)
0.1 Jamilah (Upali x Thi Hi Way) 2011-01-22 (Chester Zoo) 2013-07-03 (Chester Zoo)
1.0 Nayan (Upali x Sithami) 2010-07-18 (Chester Zoo) 2013-07-29 (Chester Zoo)
1.0 Khao Sok (Chieng Mai x Kungrao) 2013-02-25 (Copenhagen Zoo) 2014-11-24 (Copenhagen Zoo)
0.1 Daizy (Albert x Rozana) 2009-09-02 (Albuquerque Zoo) 2015-05-09 (Albuquerque Zoo)
1.0 Max (Emmett x Karishma) 2013-10-13 (Whipsnade Zoo) 2015-06-05 (Whipsnade Zoo)
0.1 Bala (Upali x Sithami) 2013-01-21 (Chester Zoo) 2015-09-14 (Chester Zoo)
0.1 Malee (Sneezy x Asha) 2011-04-15 (Oklahoma City Zoo) 2015-10-01 (Oklahoma City Zoo)
1.0 Hari (Upali x Sundara) 2012-11-25 (Chester Zoo) 2015-10-27 (Chester Zoo)
0.1 Jade (Chang x Nina) 2008-05-04 (Le Pal Zoo) 2015-11-30 (Le Pal Zoo)
0.1 Mumba (Nikolai x Thong Tai) 2011-06-18 (Artis Zoo) 2015-12-07 (Artis Zoo)
0.1 Sumitra (Calvin x Vishesh) 2014-02-04 (Ostrava Zoo) 2016-01-23 (Ostrava Zoo)
1.0 Mike (Romeo x Angelica) 2013-06-27 (Center for Elephant Conservation) 2016-01-25 (Center for Elephant Conservation)
1.0 Buba (Ganapati x Samicuta) 2013-03-02 (Madrid Zoo) 2016-03-02 (Selwo Nature Park)
1.0 Nate (Romeo x Sally) 2012-12-15 (Center for Elephant Conservation) 2016-10-30 (Center for Elephant Conservation)
0.1 Rubi (Ryuto x Ruka) 2015-03-04 (Okinawa Zoo) 2018-01-22 (Okinawa Zoo)
0.1 Kenzi (Raja x Rani) 2011-06-24 (Saint Louis Zoo) 2018-02-24 (Saint Louis Zoo)
0.1 Qiyo (Chang x Khaing Phyo Phyo) 2015-06-16 (Planckendael Zoo) 2018-05-28 (Planckendael Zoo)
1.0 Kanja (Gajendra x Kandy) 2016-01-11 (Tierpark Hagenbeck) 2018-06-06 (Tierpark Hagenbeck)
0.1 Anjuli (Gajendra x Yashoda) 2015-07-13 (Tierpark Hagenbeck) 2018-06-13 (Tierpark Hagenbeck)
0.1 Tukta (Gung x Pak Boon) 2010-11-02 (Taronga Zoo) 2018-09-03 (Taronga Zoo)
0.1 Nandita (Aung Bo x Thi Hi Way) 2015-08-20 (Chester Zoo)
1.0 Aayu (Aung Bo x Sithami) 2017-01-18 (Chester Zoo)
1.0 Kiran (Voi Nam x Rani) 2020-01-11 (Leipzig Zoo)
0.1 Yunha (Maurice x Indra) 2017-03-25 (Amersfoort Zoo)
1.0 Batu (Doc x Mali) 2015-05-12 (Rosamond Gifford Zoo)
1.0 Ajay (Doc x Mali) 2015-05-12 (Rosamond Gifford Zoo)
1.0 Thabo (Maurice x Kina) 2017-09-25 (Amersfoort Zoo)
1.0 Thorn (Samson × Rozana) 2018-05-04 (Albuquerque Bioparc)

And African Elephants

1.0 Kijana (Smokey x Lisa) 1995-11-03 (Oakland Zoo) 1996.10.07 (Oakland Zoo)
0.1 Miss Bets (Willie x Amy) 2007-12-08 (Riddles Elephant Sanctuary) 2019.02.09 (Fresno Chaffee Zoo)
0.1 Nyah (Jackson x Ivory) 2012-06-28 (Indianapolis Zoo) 2019.03.19 (Indianapolis Zoo)
0.1 Kalina (Jackson x Kubwa) 2011-07-20 (Indianapolis Zoo) 2019.03.26 (Indianapolis Zoo)
1.0 Lucas (Jackson x Renee) 2011-06-03 (Toledo Zoo)

Let me know if I missed anyone
 
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