I was inspired by a similar thread to do something of my own - what I consider an "ideal" zoo sometimes ends up in flux depending on my experience. Sometimes I go to a zoo to appreciate the way an exhibit is designed, while other times I go to a zoo based on a specific animal I'd like to see or getting a few ABCs out of the way. The variety of zoos I've seen is quite eclectic - some of which are my favorites designwise (Prospect Park Zoo and Central Park Zoo to an extent), specieswise (Bronx and Philadelphia), a hybrid of the two (Pittsburgh) or just an overall satisfactory experience (North Carolina). In this thread, I'm gonna go in an incremental order between my ideal "Small" Zoo, my ideal "Medium" Zoo, my ideal "Large" Zoo, and an ideal "Overall" Zoo. Without further ado, I'll go ahead and start with the Small Zoo.
To me, for a "Small Zoo" to be worth it, it needs to have enough charm to stand on its own while not only having achievable aspirations, but also a good set of heavy-hitting animals. In this case, I like Prospect Park's approach of highlighting animals through the lens of our relationship with them, with the Discovery Trail highlighting different habitats, the Animal Lifestyles building highlighting different adaptations, the Hall of Animals building (formerly Animals in Art and Amazing Animals) basically highlighting animals in culture, and the Animals in Our Lives section highlighting, well, you get the picture. I also like Central Park Zoo's biome-based approach, as well as how buildings like the Tropic Zone appear larger on the inside, or even gallery-like sections such as the Penguins and Seabirds House made you forget that you were in New York City. Past that, this is my ideal Small Zoo.
SMALL ZOO
This zoo would have several sections all devoted to different aspects about animals - how animals were named/classified, where they live, how they adapt to their surroundings, etc. This zoo would have an engaging quality to it as far as subtle, yet effective graphics and a general parklike setting. I would start with a series of metal animal-shaped cutouts leading to a simple, modern entrance. From here, there would be a central plaza and the first exhibit - home to rescued California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) along with some rescued Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis). This habitat would take inspiration from zoos like Central Park, Prospect Park and Lincoln Park, with rocky cliffs, a wave machine, and underwater viewing panels embedded into the pool's concrete retaining walls. The pool would also be galvanized in order to hold saltwater, and frequent training/feeding demonstrations would be held. If this is able to be made common practice, sometimes before and after zoo hours, the sea lions and pelicans would be able to be "walked" around the zoo, akin to how Shedd takes out its pinnipeds for shows. From there, there would be several buildings/zones adjoining the Sea Lion Court - WHAT IS AN ANIMAL, WHERE ANIMALS LIVE, HOW ANIMALS ADAPT, and ANIMALS AND MAN. All of these buildings would be designed in such a way that you could go through them sequentially, or go through them in your own order and it'd still be a self-contained enjoyable experience. WHAT IS AN ANIMAL would be the first of these buildings, and as you go in, there would be a massive mural highlighting the endless diversity of species our planet harbors, along with easy-to-digest signage about classification. The first section of this building would host different invertebrates - being called Spineless Marvels: Life Without a Backbone. The first exhibits would be home to various species of insects, having a decent amount of diversity specieswise and being designed in such a way that strayed from the typical "jewel-box" experience. The first exhibits would be home to Leafcutter Ants (Atta cephalotes), Goliath Birdeater (Theraphosa blondi), Black Widow (Latrodectus sp.), Moon Crab (Gecarcinus quadratus), White-spotted Assassin Bug (Platymeris biguttata), Lubber Grasshopper (Romalea guttata), Jungle Nymph (Heteropteryx dilatata), Giant Malayan Stick Insect (Phobaeticus serratipes), Sacred Scarab Beetle (Scarabaeus sacer), Giant African Millipede (Archispirostreptus gigas), Madagascar Hissing Cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa), and Emperor Scorpion (Pandinus imperator). Some terrariums would have little pop-up bubbles for children to go in and see these inverts from inside, while others (namely the leafcutter ant exhibit) would have glass tunnels extending from one end of the hallway to the other. Nearby would be an entrance to an indoor butterfly conservatory (free of charge of course), which would be home to Common Morpho (Morpho peleides), Giant Owl Butterfly (Caligo memnon), Forest Owl Butterfly (Caligo eurilochus), Belus Swallowtail (Battus bellus) and Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus). As this zone is meant to introduce children to insects, there would be a "selective diversity" where iconic and popular species are highlighted and a diversity of species are present - from ants to millipedes to butterflies to spiders to walking sticks. Near the insects would be another section highlighting other types of invertebrates - namely cephalopods, echinoderms and cnidarians. The cephalopods would be represented with Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini), echinoderms would be represented with California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus), and cnidarians would be represented with a coral tank highlighting various species along with Ocellaris Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) as a way to draw kids to the coral. Soon after would be the next gallery...
So far, this has been a really nice thought experiment; I don't even know what the finished product will look like, so I'm basically going on the same ride as everyone else who reads this. I require sleep, I shall finish this section soon.
To me, for a "Small Zoo" to be worth it, it needs to have enough charm to stand on its own while not only having achievable aspirations, but also a good set of heavy-hitting animals. In this case, I like Prospect Park's approach of highlighting animals through the lens of our relationship with them, with the Discovery Trail highlighting different habitats, the Animal Lifestyles building highlighting different adaptations, the Hall of Animals building (formerly Animals in Art and Amazing Animals) basically highlighting animals in culture, and the Animals in Our Lives section highlighting, well, you get the picture. I also like Central Park Zoo's biome-based approach, as well as how buildings like the Tropic Zone appear larger on the inside, or even gallery-like sections such as the Penguins and Seabirds House made you forget that you were in New York City. Past that, this is my ideal Small Zoo.
SMALL ZOO
This zoo would have several sections all devoted to different aspects about animals - how animals were named/classified, where they live, how they adapt to their surroundings, etc. This zoo would have an engaging quality to it as far as subtle, yet effective graphics and a general parklike setting. I would start with a series of metal animal-shaped cutouts leading to a simple, modern entrance. From here, there would be a central plaza and the first exhibit - home to rescued California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) along with some rescued Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis). This habitat would take inspiration from zoos like Central Park, Prospect Park and Lincoln Park, with rocky cliffs, a wave machine, and underwater viewing panels embedded into the pool's concrete retaining walls. The pool would also be galvanized in order to hold saltwater, and frequent training/feeding demonstrations would be held. If this is able to be made common practice, sometimes before and after zoo hours, the sea lions and pelicans would be able to be "walked" around the zoo, akin to how Shedd takes out its pinnipeds for shows. From there, there would be several buildings/zones adjoining the Sea Lion Court - WHAT IS AN ANIMAL, WHERE ANIMALS LIVE, HOW ANIMALS ADAPT, and ANIMALS AND MAN. All of these buildings would be designed in such a way that you could go through them sequentially, or go through them in your own order and it'd still be a self-contained enjoyable experience. WHAT IS AN ANIMAL would be the first of these buildings, and as you go in, there would be a massive mural highlighting the endless diversity of species our planet harbors, along with easy-to-digest signage about classification. The first section of this building would host different invertebrates - being called Spineless Marvels: Life Without a Backbone. The first exhibits would be home to various species of insects, having a decent amount of diversity specieswise and being designed in such a way that strayed from the typical "jewel-box" experience. The first exhibits would be home to Leafcutter Ants (Atta cephalotes), Goliath Birdeater (Theraphosa blondi), Black Widow (Latrodectus sp.), Moon Crab (Gecarcinus quadratus), White-spotted Assassin Bug (Platymeris biguttata), Lubber Grasshopper (Romalea guttata), Jungle Nymph (Heteropteryx dilatata), Giant Malayan Stick Insect (Phobaeticus serratipes), Sacred Scarab Beetle (Scarabaeus sacer), Giant African Millipede (Archispirostreptus gigas), Madagascar Hissing Cockroach (Gromphadorhina portentosa), and Emperor Scorpion (Pandinus imperator). Some terrariums would have little pop-up bubbles for children to go in and see these inverts from inside, while others (namely the leafcutter ant exhibit) would have glass tunnels extending from one end of the hallway to the other. Nearby would be an entrance to an indoor butterfly conservatory (free of charge of course), which would be home to Common Morpho (Morpho peleides), Giant Owl Butterfly (Caligo memnon), Forest Owl Butterfly (Caligo eurilochus), Belus Swallowtail (Battus bellus) and Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus). As this zone is meant to introduce children to insects, there would be a "selective diversity" where iconic and popular species are highlighted and a diversity of species are present - from ants to millipedes to butterflies to spiders to walking sticks. Near the insects would be another section highlighting other types of invertebrates - namely cephalopods, echinoderms and cnidarians. The cephalopods would be represented with Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini), echinoderms would be represented with California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus), and cnidarians would be represented with a coral tank highlighting various species along with Ocellaris Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) as a way to draw kids to the coral. Soon after would be the next gallery...
So far, this has been a really nice thought experiment; I don't even know what the finished product will look like, so I'm basically going on the same ride as everyone else who reads this. I require sleep, I shall finish this section soon.