- Charles Darwin used the Galapagos finches as evidence for his theory of evolution by natural selection, but he also could have cited the remarkable diversity of South America's "foxes" as evidence.
- Darwin originally documented the fox-like animals scientifically in 1834, even before he visited the Galapagos, but he did not explore far enough into South America to observe their numerous evolved forms.
- South America's foxes evolved from a single North American ancestor 3.9 to 3.5 million years ago, which migrated to South America via the Isthmus of Panama. There are now ten wildly different fox-like species today, each evolved to fit its ecological niche.