When it didn't work

I believe one point has not been mentioned so far. Aside from a lack of interest to take offspring of certain rare species by other institutions and inbreeding problems being a factor in the disappearance of species from zoos, there is a big human factor.

Very often the successful establishment of a species in zoos depends on the effort that zoo management puts into them. Various species are only established today, because certain individuals took a keen interest in them and put a lot of effort into finding the right conditions for them. That is true for biologists and veterinarians but particularly for the keepers. Sometimes a species might disappear from zoos, despite all involved tried very hard, of course.
Sometimes although, people just didn't try hard enough or were even ignorant to the animals special needs.

There are numerous examples for both cases, but one rarely mentioned is the giant anteater. For decades, they did not do well in zoos and were considered difficult to keep and breed. Today, they are well established in European zoos and this is in large part due to the efforts of Dr. Wolf Bartmann and his staff at Dortmund Zoo. So far, Dortmund has bred more giant anteaters than all other European zoos combined and they also set the keeping standards that ensure the survival of the population until today.

What was the secret for success ? A LOT of tireless effort and decades of dedication and research !
Some other species might still be found in zoos today, if that much effort had gone into their husbandry!
 
I believe one point has not been mentioned so far. Aside from a lack of interest to take offspring of certain rare species by other institutions and inbreeding problems being a factor in the disappearance of species from zoos, there is a big human factor.

Very often the successful establishment of a species in zoos depends on the effort that zoo management puts into them. Various species are only established today, because certain individuals took a keen interest in them and put a lot of effort into finding the right conditions for them. That is true for biologists and veterinarians but particularly for the keepers. Sometimes a species might disappear from zoos, despite all involved tried very hard, of course.
Sometimes although, people just didn't try hard enough or were even ignorant to the animals special needs.

Exactly right!
I was thinking about this in relation to the 'Rarest Animals' thread. 30 or 40 years ago you could see a number of species which have now been lost - but there have been many gains in this time too. I immediately thought of the lion tamarins - in the early 70s there was 1 male golden lion in the Clore at Regents Park and precious few others in zoos around the world. But the late Dr Devra Kleiman at Washington NZP took an interest in them and an in situ breeding program was started at the Tijuca bank in Brazil, and eventually the corner was turned. The same sort of thing happened with bush dogs (starting at Frankfurt), spectacled bears and many other species.
Of course you do need enough genetic diversity to start with, or unrelated imports available from time to time - which is what stymied the 4-horned antelopes and threatens the babirusa. You also need a little luck - unless the European population of Verraux's sifaka produces a few female infants soon, we will need imports to maintain the program.

Alan
 
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