using substrate in a walrus enclosure is NOT a good idea. it would have to be a thick enough layer for the walrus to dig in, without risking damaging the bottom of the tank. this would clog in no time creating a great feeding ground for germs and bacteria.
Could the pools not have a thick layer of pebbles at the bottom, i know walruses have died in the past hoovering up foreign objects in the bottom of the pool, surely the answer is no viewing of the pool from above.
Walruses have been bred in the past at Harderwijk, Cincinnati and the New York aquarium and all their pools have access to the public at the surface.
So i think i may have proved myself wrong