Help me with English, please!

callorhinus

Well-Known Member
Hello!
English is not my native language, and I have to improve it constantly while I converse with zoochatters. But this process is quite slow, and I often forget something like grammar rule before I have a chance to use it, and therefore to remember it better. So I decided to create this thread to have opportunity to learn with the aim, and to have place where advices and corrections are collected :)

Below is the text I have translated recently. I have marked problem places with numbers. Remarks are after text. Please correct any part of the text because of mistakes or poor text. I also ask any advice on grammar, especially on the use of commas because Russian grammar are not similar to English one.

Yellow-throated marten / Martes flavigula
Yellow-throated marten is the largest and most brightly coloured of all martens of Russia [1]. It has a distinctive coloration and unusual structure of the body/constitution [2]: the body is quite muscular and elongated, with long neck. Tail is long, not very bushy, and head is relatively small. Fell/coat/pelage [3] stays relatively short, shiny, and rough even in winter.
Due to its coloration yellow-throated marten reminds tropical animal [4]. At its core [5], in the Russian fauna this species is just a native of the tropics, as the main area of its habitat covers Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the Great Sunda Islands, as well as China, the Korean Peninsula and the foothills of the Himalayas [6].
Animals spend most time on the ground, although they are excellent climbers. They can run very fast and can make leaps of up to 4 meters while jump/jumping [7] from tree to tree. Unlike other martens, yellow-throated marten may hunt not only alone, but in groups of three to five individuals. Animals pursue prey by turn or some hound/hounds [8] it, while others are waiting in ambush. While chasing prey martens make sounds that resemble bark that seems to[9] coordinate their actions. Hunting group breaks by spring.
These bright predators like [10] honey very much. Due to this addiction yellow-throated marten got even a second name "honey dog." [11] Finding wild bees [12], marten necessarily "visits"/sure to visit [13] them and takes away its favorite treat. This sweet tooth extracts honey using its tail: marten inserts it to the beehive, and then licks it [14].
Habitat: temperate and conifer/coniferous forests; swamps and bogs[15]; deserts and treeless mountains

[1] Is phrase “…is…of all…” correct?
[2] What version is more appropriate? Should I say “which version”? :)
[3]Are these words synonyms? Would it be correct to say “Even in winter pelage stays…”?
[4] Should I move “Due to its coloration” to the end of the phrase?
[5] Do you understand the meaning/sense? :)
[6] How would you construct this phrase?
[7] How should I construct this part of the phrase?
[8] Is this word correct? Is “some” singular or plural?
[9] Is “that seems to” proper combination of words?
[10] Should I use more suitable word?
[11] Is order “…dog.” (not “…dog”.) correct according to English grammar?
[12] Is this part correct? The meaning should be “after bees are found” :)
[13] What version is correct/more appropriate?
[14] I don’t like this phrase at all :) Is there the way to say it better?
[15] Are these words suitable?

Thank you for your help!
 
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Hello!
English is not my native language, and I have to improve it constantly while I converse with zoochatters. But this process is quite slow, and I often forget something like grammar rule before I have a chance to use it, and therefore to remember it better. So I decided to create this thread to have opportunity to learn with the aim, and to have place where advices and corrections are collected :)

Below is the text I have translated recently. I have marked problem places with numbers. Remarks are after text. Please correct any part of the text because of mistakes or poor text. I also ask any advice on grammar, especially on the use of commas because Russian grammar are not similar to English one.

Yellow-throated marten / Martes flavigula
(The/A (You need an article here)) Yellow-throated marten is the largest and most brightly coloured of all (of the) martens of Russia [1]. It has a distinctive coloration and unusual structure of the body/constitution (Change to "body structure")[2]: the body is quite muscular and elongated, with (a (article needed))long neck. (The) Tail is long, (and) not very bushy, and head is relatively small. Fell/coat/pelage [3] (I think "The coat" is best as a general term)stays relatively short, shiny, and rough even in winter.
Due to its coloration yellow-throated marten reminds tropical animal [4] (Not sure what you mean by "reminds tropical animal"). At its core [5], in the Russian fauna this species is just a native of the tropics, as the main area of its habitat covers Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the Great Sunda Islands, as well as China, the Korean Peninsula and the foothills of the Himalayas [6]. (I would say something like "It's core distribution within Russia is in the tropics, as the main area of its habitat covers Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the Great Sunda Islands, as well as China, the Korean Peninsula and the foothills of the Himalayas")
(These) Animals spend most (of their) time on the ground, (remove this comma) although they are excellent climbers. They can run very fast and can make leaps of up to 4 meters while jump/jumping ("jumping or "they jump" are both correct) [7] from tree to tree. Unlike other martens, yellow-throated marten (should be "martens")may hunt not only alone, but in groups of three to five individuals. (change to "in groups of three to five individuals, rather than alone"). Animals pursue prey by turn or some hound/hounds (What do you mean here? I don't understand, sorry) [8] it, while others are waiting in ambush. While chasing prey martens make sounds that resemble (change to "resembles a bark") bark that seems to[9] coordinate their actions. Hunting group breaks by spring. ( Change "group breaks" to "groups break")
These bright predators like [10] honey very much. Due to this addiction(Probably should be a better word but can't think of an appropriate one) yellow-throated marten got even (change to "martens even got") a (change "a" to "the") second name (of) "honey dog." [11] Finding wild bees [12], marten necessarily "visits"/sure to visit [13] them and takes away its favorite treat. This sweet tooth extracts honey using its tail: marten inserts it to the beehive, and then licks it [14]. (Maybe better for this whole part "Once it has found wild bees, a marten visits the hive to obtain its favourite treat. This sweet tooth then extracts the honey using its tail which the marten inserts into the beehive and then licks")
Habitat: temperate and conifer/coniferous forests (coniferous is correct, not conifer in this sense) ; swamps and bogs[15]; deserts and treeless mountains

[1] Is phrase “…is…of all…” correct?
[2] What version is more appropriate? Should I say “which version”? :)
[3]Are these words synonyms? Would it be correct to say “Even in winter pelage stays…”?
[4] Should I move “Due to its coloration” to the end of the phrase?
[5] Do you understand the meaning/sense? :)
[6] How would you construct these phrase?
[7] How should I construct this part of the phrase?
[8] Is this word correct? Is “some” singular or plural?
[9] Is “that seems to” proper combination of words?
[10] Should I use more suitable word?
[11] Is order “…dog.” (not “…dog”.) correct according to English grammar?
[12] Is this part correct? The meaning should be “after bees are found” :)
[13] What version is correct/more appropriate?
[14] I don’t like this phrase at all :) Is there the way to say it better?
[15] Are these words suitable?

Thank you for your help!

I have written some ideas within brackets and bold within the quotation Box. Hope I have helped :). Of course, it is all perfectly understandable and OK for regular conversation without changing anything but if you want to write formally then I am happy to give you help if you want it.
 
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I have to admit: northern fur seal fur seal speaks better English than its southern counter part!!! For me as German speaking it sounds well and I understand everything!
So don't worry! :)
 
I have written some ideas within brackets and bold within the quotation Box. Hope I have helped :). Of course, it is all perfectly understandable and OK for regular conversation without changing anything but if you want to write formally then I am happy to give you help if you want it.

Thanks for your answer!

Due to its coloration yellow-throated marten reminds tropical animal [4] (Not sure what you mean by "reminds tropical animal")
Remind, recall, bring to mind. Google translate claims they are synonyms :) I've meant that YTM looks like tropical animal.

(These) Animals spend most (of their) time on the ground, (remove this comma) although they are excellent climbers.
All right. Do you think "nonetheless they are excellent climbers" is better option?

Animals pursue prey by turn or some hound/hounds (What do you mean here? I don't understand, sorry)
It should be synonym or almost synonym for "pursue". Behaviours are different, and in Russian we have different words. I'm sure English language has many suitable words :)
 
I've had a crack at polishing it up as below - I have left one part I didn't fully understand in italics.

Yellow-throated marten / Martes flavigula

Yellow-throated marten is the largest and most brightly-coloured of the marten species within Russia. It has a distinctive coloration and unusual body structure; quite muscular and elongated, with a long neck and tail - the latter of which is not very bushy - and the head is relatively small. The coat of the animal remains relatively short, shiny, and rough, even during winter.

Due to its colouration, the yellow-throated marten is reminiscent of tropical animals. However it is not restricted to the tropics; its range covers Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the Great Sunda Islands, as well as China, the Korean Peninsula and the foothills of the Himalayas.

Animals spend most of their time on the ground, although they are excellent climbers. They can run very fast and can make leaps of up to 4 metres while jumping from tree to tree. Unlike other martens, yellow-throated marten are not solitary hunters, hunting in groups of three to five individuals. Animals pursue prey by turn, some hounding it, while others are waiting in ambush. While chasing prey, martens make barking sounds that seem to coordinate their actions.

Hunting group breaks by spring.


These bright predators like honey very much; due to this addiction, the species acquired a second common name - "honey dog." A marten will seek out wild bees in order to visit their hives and search for honey, extracting honey using its tail; the marten inserts it to the beehive, and then licks it.


Habitat: temperate and conifer/coniferous forests; swamps and bogs; deserts and treeless mountains
 
Thanks for your answer!


Remind, recall, bring to mind. Google translate claims they are synonyms :) I've meant that YTM looks like tropical animal.
Oh, I understand now

All right. Do you think "nonetheless they are excellent climbers" is better option?
Both are fine, doesn't make a difference :)

It should be synonym or almost synonym for "pursue". Behaviours are different, and in Russian we have different words. I'm sure English language has many suitable words :)
It was the whole meaning that I wasn't sure of and not the one particular word but TLD has written it well and I understand now :)
 
Hunting group breaks by spring.

The way I put it in the corrections that I made I interpreted it to mean that the hunting groups break up by spring (ie. they stop being hunting groups in spring and only hunt in groups before spring). I could be wrong (as I often am) of course :p
 
The way I put it in the corrections that I made I interpreted it to mean that the hunting groups break up by spring (ie. they stop being hunting groups in spring and only hunt in groups before spring). I could be wrong (as I often am) of course :p

You are right this time :)
 
callorhinus said:
Unlike other martens, yellow-throated marten may hunt not only alone, but in groups of three to five individuals.
just to be clear, by this did you mean "they hunt alone as well as in groups" or "they never hunt alone, only in groups"?

I think you must mean the first example, but obviously TLD and Laughing Dove thought you meant the second example.

If it is the first example, then you would write it something like this:

Unlike other martens [or "Unlike other species of martens"], yellow-throated martens not only hunt alone but also in groups of three to five individuals.
 
just to be clear, by this did you mean "they hunt alone as well as in groups" or "they never hunt alone, only in groups"?

I think you must mean the first example, but obviously TLD and Laughing Dove thought you meant the second example.

You are right, I've noticed that. Order of words in this part of phrase is common to Russian but as I can see now it was not clear text for English-speaking people. Thanks for help!

I have new questions. Words in Russian language have sex/gender attribute while quite a little number of English words and subjects (or in a few situations) have this attribute. I know several examples: obvious "he" and "she", ships (warships?) are feminine, we can also say "he" and "she" about certain animal (usually pet?), and we can see it very often here. I'm sure there are much more examples. Can you tell me most often?

Grammar is very difficult for me. Are there any simple rules how to use comma with words: but, and, as/like, hence, although, because etc?

Sometimes I see interrogative sentence which is just affirmative sentence with question mark, and I sometimes ask this way. I don't think it is correct according to English grammar rules but how much is it usual, and how big is the chance that people will understand me?
 
I have new questions. Words in Russian language have sex/gender attribute while quite a little number of English words and subjects (or in a few situations) have this attribute. I know several examples: obvious "he" and "she", ships (warships?) are feminine, we can also say "he" and "she" about certain animal (usually pet?), and we can see it very often here. I'm sure there are much more examples. Can you tell me most often?

Grammar is very difficult for me. Are there any simple rules how to use comma with words: but, and, as/like, hence, although, because etc?

Sometimes I see interrogative sentence which is just affirmative sentence with question mark, and I sometimes ask this way. I don't think it is correct according to English grammar rules but how much is it usual, and how big is the chance that people will understand me?

This is the best way I have managed to explain these things though to be honest, I wouldn't really worry too much about grammar. We can still understand you anyway!:)

Words with Gender: In English words almost never have gender. This is quite unusual amongst languages and I have basic knowledge of French, Spanish and Arabic and all of these languages have genders. He and she is obvious, ships and other vehicles are usually called 'she' but these words don't actually have gender and it would be perfectly acceptable to call a car or ship an 'it'. Calling pets she and he is just if they are male or female (of course a female is a she and a male is a he) and the words themselves have no specific gender.
In summary, the only times where words need a gender is if you are talking about females or males (both people and animals) and if you want to, ships or other vehicles can be 'she'

Comma: A comma acts as a punctuation mark that can do quite a lot of different things but it tells the reader when to have a pause. The easiest way to know when to include them is to read what you have written and see when you naturally stop for a breath and this means that some kind of punctuation is needed. If it not the end of a sentence then a comma is the most common thing to use (though of course it could also be semi-colon, colon, dash etc.)
When would you use a comma?
-To separate different parts of a sentence such as "He tripped while he ran, then fell, then got up again."
-Before a short conjunction such as but, yet, and or so (the comma should be before the conjunction) such as "It's cold, and rainy."
- For an introductory section to a sentence such as "However, it was still very fun."
-To insert a part of a sentence that could be removed but the sentence still making sense such as "Yellow throated martens, which have yellow throats, are carnivores" (a comma around each side of the inserted section is needed).
This is a very extensive explanation of comma usage, I don't think you need to really bother with all this as we can understand you anyway but you asked so I have explained.

Question marks at the end of sentences: Sometimes people use question marks when technically they aren't necessary. I sometimes use a question mark at the end of a statement to tell people that although it is a statement I still want an answer. For example "I think this zoo is bad?" would mean that you don't know for sure or want to hear some other people's opinions. Even though a question mark is wrong here, I would still use it.

Overall, I don't really think you need to make your grammar perfect, we can understand you anyway. However, if you want help, I am happy to help and I'm sure others will be too. Remember, though, that even native English speakers who don't speak any other languages make mistakes (people constantly misspell a lot as 'alot' or 'allot', it is two words by the way :p)
 
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Sometimes I see interrogative sentence which is just affirmative sentence with question mark, and I sometimes ask this way. I don't think it is correct according to English grammar rules but how much is it usual, and how big is the chance that people will understand me?

I can't believe you'd find a lot of English people who know 'grammar rules' very well. I tend to have a good feel for what is right through lots of reading (and am the grammar police at work) but I mainly know any grammar rules (and that's not many) from learning Greek a few years ago. We just weren't taught it in my era at school after vowel = doing word, noun = naming word… :)
 
I can't believe you'd find a lot of English people who know 'grammar rules' very well. I tend to have a good feel for what is right through lots of reading (and am the grammar police at work) but I mainly know any grammar rules (and that's not many) from learning Greek a few years ago. We just weren't taught it in my era at school after vowel = doing word, noun = naming word… :)

Looks like they shouldn't have been allowed to teach even that! :eek::D
 
This is the best way I have managed to explain these things though to be honest, I wouldn't really worry too much about grammar. We can still understand you anyway!:)

Words with Gender: In English words almost never have gender. This is quite unusual amongst languages and I have basic knowledge of French, Spanish and Arabic and all of these languages have genders. He and she is obvious, ships and other vehicles are usually called 'she' but these words don't actually have gender and it would be perfectly acceptable to call a car or ship an 'it'. Calling pets she and he is just if they are male or female (of course a female is a she and a male is a he) and the words themselves have no specific gender.
In summary, the only times where words need a gender is if you are talking about females or males (both people and animals) and if you want to, ships or other vehicles can be 'she'

Comma: A comma acts as a punctuation mark that can do quite a lot of different things but it tells the reader when to have a pause. The easiest way to know when to include them is to read what you have written and see when you naturally stop for a breath and this means that some kind of punctuation is needed. If it not the end of a sentence then a comma is the most common thing to use (though of course it could also be semi-colon, colon, dash etc.)
When would you use a comma?
-To separate different parts of a sentence such as "He tripped while he ran, then fell, then got up again."
-Before a short conjunction such as but, yet, and or so (the comma should be before the conjunction) such as "It's cold, and rainy."
- For an introductory section to a sentence such as "However, it was still very fun."
-To insert a part of a sentence that could be removed but the sentence still making sense such as "Yellow throated martens, which have yellow throats, are carnivores" (a comma around each side of the inserted section is needed).
This is a very extensive explanation of comma usage, I don't think you need to really bother with all this as we can understand you anyway but you asked so I have explained.

Question marks at the end of sentences: Sometimes people use question marks when technically they aren't necessary. I sometimes use a question mark at the end of a statement to tell people that although it is a statement I still want an answer. For example "I think this zoo is bad?" would mean that you don't know for sure or want to hear some other people's opinions. Even though a question mark is wrong here, I would still use it.

Overall, I don't really think you need to make your grammar perfect, we can understand you anyway. However, if you want help, I am happy to help and I'm sure others will be too. Remember, though, that even native English speakers who don't speak any other languages make mistakes (people constantly misspell a lot as 'alot' or 'allot', it is two words by the way :p)

Can you come teach my English classes?
 
You mention English words with gender. As far as I know, there are only two: blond/blonde and financé/fianceé. Both are borrowed from the French.
 
You mention English words with gender. As far as I know, there are only two: blond/blonde and financé/fianceé. Both are borrowed from the French.

I didn't know there were different genders of blond/blonde, very interesting!

Also wasn't aware that finance was gendered, but I guess that's a typo. Is there any difference in pronounciation between fiance and fiancee?
 
I didn't know there were different genders of blond/blonde, very interesting!

Also wasn't aware that finance was gendered, but I guess that's a typo. Is there any difference in pronounciation between fiance and fiancee?

Apparently not.

Being a blond, and subject to blonde jokes, I always made sure to know the difference. Makes Dylan's album "Blonde on Blonde" a little different.
 
You mention English words with gender. As far as I know, there are only two: blond/blonde and financé/fianceé . Both are borrowed from the French.


Interesting, I haven't heard the blond/blonde one before. If I'm going to be ridiculously pedantic now, I would say that fiancée should have the accent on the first 'e' and not the second... :p
 
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