A short trip to Sumatra!

My lifelist was on HBW taxonomy which had purple swamphen lumped but I've recently switched it to eBird which makes these Sumatran purple swamphens a lifer as black-backed. I've seen them in Thailand and Vietnam in the past which are still separated as Grey-headed on eBird. I guess they'll be lumped back together on eBird at some point though.

The ones I saw in Sumatra look more like the ones I've seen in Australia though to me than the Thai/Indochinese ones.
Yeah Grey-Headed looks entirely different from the rest of the complex, Black-Backed is a bit perplexing as whilst I believe at least further east/most of them look extremely similar to Australasian Swamphen, there's birds in Indochina/SEA region with things like grey heads and black backs and I don't believe that's been resolved as to what exactlyyy they are, although I'll admit I'm not well read on them.
 
Thank you for posting this great birding information and the fantastic landscape photos. It sounds like you had a very successful two-day birding trip! I'm sorry to hear about all of the native birds in the cricket/bird shop - that is sad to hear but important to document. Congratulations on so many cool birds including the Graceful Pitta, Sumatran Trogon, Red-headed Trogon, Greater Green Leafbird, Ruby-throated Bulbul, Sumatran Babbler, Cream-striped Bulbul, Maroon Woodpecker, Black-backed Swamphen, Rhinoceros Hornbill, Wreathed Hornbill, and Marbled Wren-babbler! So many great birds and it sounds like Long-tailed Broadbills are doing well in that area!
 
I've uploaded a few pictures from Tapan Road to the gallery. Highlights include
Black-and-yellow Broadbill

Cream-striped and Spot-necked Bulbuls (those are cream-striped

Sumatran Trogons

A couple of hornbill flyovers

Graceful pitta

Marbled wren-babbler

Niobe ground squirrel

and various others in the Indonesia Wildlife gallery Indonesia - Wildlife - ZooChat

I also put a couple of pictures from the caged bird shop to the Indonesia-Other gallery Indonesia - Other - ZooChat

Next post should be up around this time tomorrow.
 
My lifelist was on HBW taxonomy which had purple swamphen lumped but I've recently switched it to eBird which makes these Sumatran purple swamphens a lifer as black-backed. I've seen them in Thailand and Vietnam in the past which are still separated as Grey-headed on eBird. I guess they'll be lumped back together on eBird at some point though.

The ones I saw in Sumatra look more like the ones I've seen in Australia though to me than the Thai/Indochinese ones.
eBird is switching from the Clements taxonomy to AviList in October 2026. It's possible that this next year's edition of Clements may lump the swamphens before that, but if not then they will be split in eBird by that date.
 
4.3 Lempur Village Area

I had two full days in the area around Lempur, the first was focused on birding the Kaco Trail and the second was a non-animal day because I wanted to look for tropical pitcher plants and visit some hot springs but also as a backup in case I needed a second day at the Kaco Trail.

The Kaco Trail is known as the best place to search for the elusive Sumatran ground-cuckoo. An elusive and rather legendary species that I really wanted to see. As with all the ground-cuckoos, they’re quite difficult. I’ve been within range for the other two species (coral-billed in Thailand and Bornean) but never really had much of a chance. Fairly recently, however, the Sumatran Ground-cuckoo at the Kaco trail has become really quite reliable and there’s now a hide where they can be seen.

The birding along the trail was quite good, although having rained the previous night all night it was extremely muddy with lots of very slippery rocks and huge areas of deep and sticky mud. More mosquitos than anywhere else on the trip too, but apparently ground cuckoos like that sort of miserable squelchy environment (technical term). The hide is a fair way along the trail with banded kingfisher and dusky broadbill seen on the way there. Lots of absolutely enormous bamboo stands to, with bamboo ‘trunks that I could barely reach around with two hands and that were as high as the rest of the canopy.

As we approached the hide and turned off the main trail, even before we got to the hide we heard the ground cuckoo. Really quite loud and close. There’s one individual ground cuckoo who has realised that crickets can sometimes be found quite easily because as soon as we put some crickets on the branch, out he trotted! I don’t think this is normal though, I think it normally takes quite a bit more waiting and I know other people in the days just before me sat above the mud/mosquitos for two days to see a ground cuckoo.

I got to watch this Sumatran ground cuckoo for ages, well over an hour, and at really short range. He trotted about this little clearing, munched the crickets and then sat on a very conveniently positioned branch to preen. He also did a lot of very loud calling right in front of me and at several points was just a couple of meters away from me through the hide. Completely frame-filling photos using my usually slightly inadequate 300mm lens and just everything you could want from a sighting like this!

I did briefly emerge from the hide to put out a couple of last crickets as the ground cuckoo was starting to retreat and sit at the edge of the clearing, and although of course wary of me he actually came towards me and the crickets before I left which allowed my guides to take some photos just on his phone where you can see both me and a wild Sumatran ground cuckoo! How good is that?! Eventually the ground cuckoo moved away from the clearing and could still be seen popping in and out of view skulking in the forest before we headed back to the main trail and the bird headed the other way. The Sumatran ground cuckoo is just such a neat bird to see, assessed as critically endangered and the birdlife factsheet estimates 50-249 individuals remain although there’s just so little data that who knows. As we walked away we could still hear this individual calling.

The birding remained pretty good on the way back with various nice sightings including a beautiful male paradise flycatcher and a nice view of a green-billed malkoha – not a rare species but one that’s hard to see very well. A nice great hornbill flyover today as well.

We were out of the forest actually quite early having started at dawn and of course not had any of the expected hours sitting and waiting for the ground cuckoo to emerge. So we had some time to make a bit of a start on the pitcher plant search – I really like them, I’ve been growing lots of Nepenthes at home lately with quite a collection now of species and horticultural hybrids so I wanted to see some in the wild. Previously I’ve only seen the widespread Nepenthes mirabilis. So we went to a spot that my guide happened to know by a very scenic lake (Lingkat Lake) that has a large area of tangled reeds and trees filled with pitcher plants. These were Nepenthes ampullaria which makes pitchers on the ground that capture leaf litter. The forest behind Lingkat Lake and around the Kaco trail is the area that they do the Sumatran tiger treks that my guide often leads. These involve spending several days to a few weeks hiking and camping deep in the forest and getting as far away as possible from people to try and see tigers. They do occasionally see tigers, my guide last saw one a couple of years ago and maybe you’ve got a 10% chance with over a week camping in the forest. Must be amazing though, to see a wild Sumatran tiger, and they do see other stuff too like tapirs and clouded leopards.

I was back at the Cinnamon Guesthouse in Lempur fairly early, and it’s a great place to relace and enjoy the view of forested mountains around. I also went for a little walk along the roads around the area, there were quite a few common sort of agricultural birds around like weavers and egrets and white-breasted kingfishers. The agriculture in the area is really interesting too. I mentioned in my last post that lots of cinnamon is grown in the area and there are several weirdly big and fancy houses with gates and expensive cars and staff doing maintenance just in the village right next to the rice paddies being planted by hand. These houses belong to the cinnamon bosses and lots of cinnamon from the surrounding areas comes through Lempur village – you can hardly go any distance along the roads before you see big chunks of cinnamon bark being laid out to dry or big bundles of cinnamon bark. Indonesia is the third biggest cinnamon producer globally and these is one of the major cinnamon producing areas in the country. Cinnamon trees are quite pretty actually, the youngest flush of leaves are bright red so you end up with normal looking trees with patches of bright red leaves. The wood is a by-product after harvesting the bark which is why the cinnamon guesthouse, and lots of the houses around, are made of cinnamon wood. There were also quite a lot of oranges being grown, but mostly oranges with green outer skin rather than orange, and also plenty of rice paddies. These paddies are ploughed and planted and harvested by hand, and there was lots of transplanting going on of young rice plants out of the nursery beds into the fields.


The next day was a trek through the forest and then along a stream to visit the Grao Sikai Hot Springs on the slops of Mt Kunyit. You would assume a big area of hot springs might be a major tourist attraction but apparently not – the train needed re-making with a machete as we went and there was lots of criss-crossing of the river. I saw a few nice birds, lots of sunda forktails, some barbets, but nothing that I hadn’t seen in the last three days. Not far from the actual hotsprings, rather interestingly, my guide located a Sumatran tiger poo. Old and dried out by now but mostly pig hair (could be bearded or boar) and definitely from a Sumatran tiger and on a scale of weeks-months old. The hotsprings themselves were fantastic and I’m glad I went. Obviously since we had to cut our way here with machetes there was no one else here and no sign of people at all.

The stream that we were following up to the hotsprings gradually started to feel distinctly warm to the touch and from quite a distance the steam could be seen rising up. In the stream closer to the hotsprings, the water became discoloured with leached minerals and the rocks immediately around the stream were sort of mushy. Soon the water got too hot to touch comfortably and then there were streams of literally boiling water shooting up from the ground. From the ground the water was coming up at a roaring boil, there were big sulphur deposits, and a strong smell of hydrogen sulphide ‘rotten eggs’ gas. Almost overpowering when the wind suddenly changed direction. My guide and I walked around between the hotspring spots which perhaps was a bit dangerous given that I could hear the roaring of boiling water under the ground beneath me. Occasionally little holes in the mushy rock let out steam like the whistle from a boiling kettle and there’s just this exposed sort of scar in the mountainside where the hot springs emerge and then it’s just back to unbroken rainforest all around. While having lunch within view of the hotspring but far enough to be away from the smell and heat, it started to absolutely downpour. We had a tarpaulin that could form a roof so was okay but the heavens just opened for several hours. It returned to a drizzle in time to walk back, but the walk involved criss-crossing this stream at several points and following it back down the mountain. What was a stream was now roaring with patches of rapids and a lot deeper and several new small streams were now flowing into it from the surrounding hillside. It was all fine in the end but generally much more difficult heading back down.

I also saw two different species of Nepenthes pitcher plants which I was very happy about. I’m not sure what species they were yet, one looked distinctly like Nepenthes spectabilis but the distribution is wrong so I don’t know. To be determined. I was then back at the cinnamon guesthouse for a third night before the full day’s drive to Padang and then a flight the following day. This was the end of my 5th day exploring Kerinci-Seblat National Park. I will do one more post in this thread covering my journey back home to the UK which includes a two night stopover in Singapore as well.

My 5 days/6 nights in Kerinci was booked through wildsumata.com and they provide indicative pricing on their website without needing to request a quote which I appreciate – for a solo traveller including private car transfer to/from Padang, guide, accommodation, etc. is around 14 million rupiah or ~£600. I would recommend.


Kaco Trail Bird List:

Spot-necked babbler

Banded Kingfisher

Sumatran Whistling Thrush

Asian Glossy Starling

Black-browed Barbet

Green-billed Malkoha

Little Cuckoo-dove

Sumatran Ground-cuckoo

Sumatran Wren Babbler

Great hornbill

Sumatran Treepie

Scarlet Minivet

Sumatran Trogon

Blyth’s Paradise Flycatcher

Cream-striped Bulbul

Fire-tufted Barbet

Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher

White-throated Fantail

Sunda Forktail
 
Here are some scenery pictures related to the above post and Lempur Village area.

View on the Kaco trail of muddy swampy forest
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Some cinnamon trees, the trees with the young red leaves are cinnamon:
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Harvested cinnamon bark drying:
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Rice paddies being planted up, the patch of dense seedlings is the nursery field
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Lingkat Lake where I went to see some pitcher plants:
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The hot springs from a distance, you can see the steam rising
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Some pictures of the hotspring area itself
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Sumatran tiger poo near the hot springs
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One of the pitcher plants seen on the hot spring trail
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I've also posted a series a series of Sumatran Ground-cuckoo pictures in the Indonesia-Wildlife Gallery. I'm quite proud of these pictures, here's a couple:


I expect to post the final text post for this thread tomorrow.
 
Those are very impressive Sumatran Ground Cuckoo photos! Probably the best that I've seen and they're better than most of the ones on eBird!

Thank you! Until quite recently there was no reliable location to see these and you just needed to chance upon this extremely scarce and shy bird. Seeing one in the wild was comparable to coming across a Sumatran Tiger: it happened to guides every couple of years but that was it. But in the last few years this spot on the Kaco Trail has an individual that's cooperative. Until of course this one individual decides to stop coming out around the hides.
 
Thank you! Until quite recently there was no reliable location to see these and you just needed to chance upon this extremely scarce and shy bird. Seeing one in the wild was comparable to coming across a Sumatran Tiger: it happened to guides every couple of years but that was it. But in the last few years this spot on the Kaco Trail has an individual that's cooperative. Until of course this one individual decides to stop coming out around the hides.
Well, I'm glad that you had a chance to see this cooperative individual, then photograph it and share it with the rest of us! Those are beautiful photos!
 
Part 5: Returning Home

From Lempur Village the drive back to Padang takes a full day, first going back through Sungai Penuh and then down the Tapan Road to take the coast road back to Padang. Lots of nice views both driving the length of the Tapan Road across the national park and then along the coast. I was in Padang for one night before heading to the airport the next morning. This was on the 16th of August which is the day before Indonesia’s national day, celebrating 80 years of Indonesian independence. There were lots of people on the streets parading with Indonesian flags and the white and red colours, plenty of groups from schools etc. I guess this was a rehearsal for the main day the next day? Luckily I had plenty of time to get to the airport. Previously there was only one international flight to Padang, an Air Asia route to KL, but at the start of 2025 Scoot Airlines started flights between Padang and Singapore which was my route back before flying back to the UK from Singapore. The airport is actually really rather pretty, with a roof in the traditional Minangkaban style and when viewed from the runway the backdrop of forested mountains is really beautiful. I’m not sure if there were more flights that day because of the start of the long weekend for independence day but there seemed to be a huge number of flights to Jakarta which made the check in and domestic area really busy but then there was hardly anyone in the international area.

The short flight to Singapore crosses Sumatra then Batam and into Changi over Malaysia. Instead of flying straight back to the UK that evening, I postponed my flight by 48 hours to give me two days in Singapore. To be honest the main reason for my visit is because I’ve really wanted to visit Bird Paradise for ages. I went to Jurong when I was last in Singapore in 2018 and Bird Paradise just seems like such a unique place. As everyone knows, accommodation in Singapore is ridiculously expensive but I’ve moved up in the world slightly since 2018 so instead of staying in a pod I splashed out to pay for a whole room for two nights. I’ve only moved up slightly though because this room still had no window and was rather deep inside a building away from any natural light but it’s not like I want to spend too long in a room anyway. Maybe next time I’m in Singapore I’ll be able to stretch to a window. That first evening I just did a brief bit of gift shopping, having not done much in the Sumatran rainforest, and looked around the gardens by the bay a bit in the dark.

The next day was my Bird Paradise day and it really is a fantastic place to visit. I’m not going to do a full review of Bird Paradise, there are already quite a few on the forum. It’s really difficult to compare to Jurong, a very different place and it’s a shame both couldn’t exist. The experience of going around Bird Paradise as a visitor really is unique and very special, such huge free-flight aviaries mean you can almost forget you’re in a zoo and it’s more like birding but in an area full of feeders and really enriched in birds to a very high density. A couple of the big walkthrough aviaries feel a bit lacking, the Papuan and Australian aviaries feel a bit like they’re inferior copies of Lory Loft and Penguin Cove is massively underwhelming but I though Heart of Africa, Wings of Asia, and Crimson Wetlands (South American wetlands) are extremely impressive exhibits and beat anything similar I’ve ever seen. Songs of the Forest (SE Asia) and Amazonian Jewels are wonderful to spend time in too and anywhere else would be the crown jewel of the bird collection. I do wonder, however, whether the desire to have such big and impressive multi-species aviaries has required sacrifices (although there is a section with a few individual aviaries, mostly for hornbills it seemed, along with the Philippine Eagle). From the perspective of a visiting zoo nerd, it’s obviously difficult to track down a few individuals of a particular target species in a vast aviary. But surely it must make certain husbandry and management practices more difficult as well, creating work for the aviculturalists and compromises to the conditions of some species must be needed to have a single aviary with so many. I really enjoyed Bird Paradise though, you know you’re enjoying a zoo day when you completely forget to eat lunch. The gift shop also sells these really cool building block sets, like fake lego, called ‘Jekca’ (you can buy them online) and you can buy model sets for Raggiana birds of paradise, Philippine eagles, and plenty of other niche and oddly specific things.

At the end of the day I had a couple of hours left so I decided to visit the other new Mandai park since I was last in Singapore: Rainforest Wild Asia. I was joined by @amur leopard for this visit who’s been working in Singapore temporarily and provided great company. We got great views of the doucs and mouse deers and it’s an interesting sort of place which I was glad to have a brief look around. I see what they’re going for with a sort of wild rainforest experience and I don’t hate the concept in theory. In practice I think they’ve sacrificed exhibit quality in too many areas and in certain cases like the rock climbing around the ‘karsts’ the weird extra activities detract from what they’re trying to do.

I had one more day in Singapore because my flight wasn’t until late in the evening (actually just past midnight so technically the next morning). I spent a big chunk of the day from morning to mid-afternoon in the botanic gardens which has a fantastic plant collection that I enjoyed looking around very much. No otters though which I would have liked to see. Later in the afternoon I headed up to the Lower Pierce Reservoir to the area recommended by @amur leopard as the best possible site for banded langurs. Apparently they’re seen in that specific area in the late afternoons/evenings on about a third to a fifth of visits. I didn’t have any luck unfortunately, just lots of macaques that were very distracting, but I did get a wonderful up close view of a colugo and a striking reddish individual at that. As the sun was setting I got my stuff from the accommodation, had dinner, and went to the airport. Luckily for the person sitting next to me on the flight back to the UK (after a day sweating in Singapore) there are showers at Changi airport.

So that brings this trip, and thread, to an end. It was my first time visiting Indonesia and I definitely want to go back before too long. Slightly depressingly my thought continues with going back to Indonesia to see the endemic wildlife before it’s all gone, in cages or converted to palm oil. It’s a wonderful country that still has lots of amazing wildlife and I’m very tentatively thinking about a trip that includes some combination of North Sulawesi, Halmahera, and West Papua in 2027…

'Red morph' colugo in Singapore
 
A few photos related to the above post:

Some of the pig-tailed macaques seen along the Tapan Road on the drive back to Padang, pictures just on my phone through the car window:
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River crossing, view from the road
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Tsunami warning sign along the coast road to Padang
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Boats off the coast near Padang
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The airport in Padang, Minangkabau style terminal building (they're the main ethnic group in West Sumatra) with mountains behind
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Path along the lovely Lower Pierce Reservoir
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Sign on the langur trail in Thomson Nature Park
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