Due to time constraints, I templated this list off of a list from a previous visit in 2021. But I edited the list to make sure that it was accurate to 2022, of course. However, exhibits that were closed during my visit (such as the aviaries) are marked here, yet I am not sure if the signage or presence of said species remains. If anyone is interested in the other list, I've linked the document here.
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Species + Seen List 05-30-2022
Adventure Coast:
California Sea Lion.
Harbor Seal.
Animal Encounters Show:
Indian Crested Porcupine.
Serval.
Red-Tailed Boa.
Bat-Eared Fox.
Striped Skunk.
Kinkajou.
Blue and Yellow Macaw.
Indian Star Tortoise.
Eastern Box Turtle.
Animal Encounters Village:
Bat-Eared Fox.
Domestic Duck.
Striped Skunk.
Short-Beaked Echidna
Garnett’s Galago
African Sand Cat.
Virginia Opossum.
Blue and Yellow Macaw.
Red Fox.
Capybara.
Linneaus’s Two-Toed Sloth.
Sulcata Tortoise.
Radiated Tortoise.
Leopard Tortoise
Southern Tamandua.
Red Ruffed Lemur.
Northern Ground Hornbill
Stingray Bay:
Cownose Ray.
Southern Stingray.
North America:
Trumpeter Swan
Mexican Grey Wolf.
American Bison.
Pronghorn.
Wyandotte Chicken
New Hampshire Chicken
Barbados Goat.
Pygmy Goat.
Angora Goat.
Nubian Goat.
Jacob Sheep.
Dexter Cattle.
Canada Lynx
Alaskan Moose
American Black Bear.
Reindeer.
North American River Otter
Cougar.
Ruddy Duck
Snow Goose
Wood Thrush
White-Crowned Sparrow
Northern Bobwhite
Red-Winged Blackbird
Tufted Titmouse
Gray Catbird
American Robin
American Goldfinch
Baltimore Oriole
Cedar Waxwing
Rose-Breasted Grosbeak
Eastern Towhee
Swainson’s Thrush
White-Faced Ibis
American Golden Plover
Brown-Headed Cowbird
Orchard Oriole
White-Throated Sparrow
Grey-Cheeked Thrush
Sora
Mourning Dove
Indigo Bunting
Dark-Eyed Junco
Scarlet Tanager
Killdeer
Blue-Winged Teal
Virginia Rail
Song Sparrow
Bald Eagle
American Beaver.
Polar Frontier:
Polar Bear
Rainbow Trout.
Kodiak Bear
White Amur.
Bluegill
Redear Sunfish
Largemouth Bass
Black Crappie
Yellow Perch
Rainbow Trout
Arctic Fox
Heart of Africa:
Dromedary Camel.
African Lion
Cheetah.
Common Wildebeest.
Greater Kudu.
Helmeted Guineafowl
Common Ostrich.
Aardvark
Warthog.
Black-Backed Jackal
Thomson’s Gazelle.
Saddle-Billed Stork
Spotted Hyena
African Lion
Grant’s Zebra.
Giraffe.
Masai Giraffe.
East African Grey-Crowned Crane
Dama Gazelle
Slender-Horned Gazelle
Vervet Monkey.
Asia Quest:
Tufted Deer.
Malaysian Giant Pond Turtle
Silvered Leaf Langur.
Sloth Bear
Asian Water Monitor.
Malayan Large Flying Fox.
Radiated Tortoise
Aldabra Tortoise
Golden-Mantled Fruit Bat.
Blue-Faced Honeyeater
Burmese Mountain Tortoise
Greater Malayan Chevrotain.*
Indian Rhino.
Asian Elephant.
Nicobar Pigeon
Western Cattle Egret
Black-Throated Laughingthrush
Reeves Pheasant
Azure Winged Magpie
Reeves Muntjac.
Javan Pond Heron
White Crested Laughingthrush
Burmese Mountain Tortoise
Smew
Red Panda
Markhor.
Pallas’ Cat
Amur Tiger.
Shores and Aquarium:
Caribbean Flamingo
Nene
Aquarium:
Lyretail Anthias.
Yellow Tang.
Neon Goby
Black Percula
Rhodactis sp.
Actinodiscus sp.
Discosoma sp.
Ricordea sp.
Bubble Coral
Hammer Coral
Banggai Cardinalfish.
Spotted Garden Eel.
Raccoon Butterflyfish.
Swallowtail Hawkfish
Ocellaris Clownfish.
Green Button Polyp Coral (Zoanthus sp.)
Florida Mushroom Corallimorph (Ricordea florida)
Turban Snail (Astra sp.)
Green Stripe Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Cup Coral (Turbinaria sp.)
Grey Button Sponge (Unknown sp.)
Green Horn Coral (Hydnophora excess)
Mustard Finger Coral (Montipora digitata)
Pink Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Club Finger Coral (Alcyonium sp.)
Bubble Coral (Plerogyra sinuosa)
Green Fuzzy Mushroom Corallimorph (Rhodactus sp.)
Carpet Anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni).
Tree Coral (Litophyton arboreum)
Devil’s Hand Coral (Lobophytum pauciflorum)
Sea Egg Urchin (Tripneustes ventricosus)
Green Open Brain Coral (Trachyphyllia geoffroyi)
Trumpet Coral (Caulastrea echinulata)
Tooth Coral (Scolymia australis)
Moon Coral (Lobophyllia sp.)
Cluster Coral (Pocillopora damicornis)
Metallic Blue Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Pink Finger Coral (Montipora digitata)
Green Mottle Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Blue Dot Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Green Urchin (Lytechinus variegatus)
Brown Tree Sponge (Unknown sp.)
Brown Button Polyp Coral (Protopalyrhoa grandis)
Brown Seamat Coral (Palythoa caribaeorum)
Cabbage Coral (Lobophytum crassum)
Encrusting Gorgonia (Erythropodium sp.)
Yellow Toadstool Coral (Sarcophyton sp.)
Green Table Coral (Acropora kirstyae)
Elephant Ear Corral (Amplexidiscus fenestrafer)
Blue Stripe Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Green Hairy Mushroom Corallimorph (Rhodactis sp.)
West Indian Top Snail (Cittarium pica)
Finger Leather Coral (Sinularia sp.)
Chinese Zebra Goby
Blue Green Damsel
Old Glory Goby
Pink Anemonefish.
Six-Line Wrasse
Potbelly Seahorse
Glassy Sweepers
Doctorfish.
Tomato Clownfish
Bangaii Cardinalfish
Flame Angelfish
Pajama Cardinalfish
Sohal Surgeonfish
Red-Belted Anthias
Black-Axil Chromis
Lined Surgeonfish
Palette Surgeonfish.
Sailfin Tang
Mandarinfish
Raccoon Butterflyfish
Canary Wrasse
Yellow Prawn Goby
Tomini Bristlenose Tang
Lined Seahorse
Percula Clownfish
Humphead Wrasse.
Talbot’s Damselfish
Yellow Tang
Scopas Tang.
Lemonpeel Angelfish
Pakistani Angelfish
Koran Angelfish
White Margin Unicorn Tang
Yellowbar Angelfish
Yellowmask Angelfish
Yellow Tang.
Zebra Shark.
Bamboo Shark
Bignose Unicorn Tang.
Bonnethead.
Emperor Angelfish.
Epaulette Shark
Golden Trevally.
Orbicular Batfish.
Palette Surgeonfish.
Pennant Coralfish.
Porcupinefish
Semicircle Angelfish
Sohal Angelfish
Threadfin Snapper.
Titan Trigger
Naso Tang.
Powder Blue Tang.
Barred Flagtail
Convict Tang
Damselfish.
Blue Ring Angelfish
Foxface Rabbitfish.
Epaulette Tang.
Yellowtail Snapper.
Manatee Coast:
Florida Manatee.
Permit.
Southern Stingray.
Lookdown.
Porkfish
Bluestriped Grunt.
Bermuda Chub.
Doctorfish
Rainbow Parrotfish.
Atlantic Spadefish
Atlantic Blue Tang
Brown Pelican
Hawksbill Sea Turtle.
Doctorfish.
Convict Tang.
Humboldt Penguin.
Reptiles:
American Alligator.
Green Mamba.
Axolotl.
Malagasy Leaf-Tailed Gecko
Northern Spider Tortoise
Indian Star Tortoise.
Burmese Star Tortoise.
Northern Copperhead.
Green Tree Python.
Anthony’s Poison Arrow Frog
Amazon Milk Frog.
Mandarin Ratsnake.
West African Burrowing Python.
Spotted Turtle
Yellow-Blotched Map Turtle.
Hellbender
Mata Mata.
Lake Titicaca Frog.
Yellow-Headed Temple Turtle.*
McCord’s Snake-Necked Turtle.
Barbour’s Map Turtle.
Madagascar Hissing Cockroach.
Eastern Massassauga Rattlesnake.
Red-Eyed Crocodile Skink
Prehensile Tailed Skink.
Green Basilisk.
Scrub Python.
Red Spitting Cobra
Mexican Beaded Lizard.
Ball Python.
Pancake Tortoise
San Esteban Chuckwalla
Gila Monster
Grand Cayman Blue Iguana.
Spiny-Tailed Iguana.
Florida Cottonmouth.
Banded Rock Rattlesnake
Sidewinder.
Tokay Gecko
Spiny Hill Turtle.
Black-Breasted Leaf Turtle.
Crocodile Lizard.
Panamanian Golden Frog.
Green and Black Poison Frog
Anthony’s Poison Arrow Frog.
Golden Poison Dart Frog
Bumblebee Poison Dart Frog.
Savu Python.
Merten’s Water Monitor.
Yellow Spotted Amazon Turtle.
Smooth-Fronted Caiman.
Banded Leporinus
Common Pleco.
Annam Pond Turtle
Striped Narrow-Headed Softshell Turtle.
Fly River Turtle.
Siebenrock's Snake Necked Turtle.
Malaysian Giant Pond Turtle.
Macklots Python
Northern Australian Snapping Turtle.
Alligator Snapping Turtle.
King Cobra.
Madagascar Giant Hognose Snake.
Coahuilan Box Turtle
Green Basilisk.
Cape Cobra.*
Carpet Python.
Children’s Python.
Blood Python.
Red-Tailed Racer.
Mandarin Trinket Snake
Yellow Margined Box Turtle
Stripe Necked Leaf Turtle
Three-Striped Box Turtle
Timber Rattlesnake
Black Ratsnake.
Eastern Box Turtle.
Eastern Massassauga Rattlesnake
Northern Copperhead
Lake Erie Water Snake.*
San Esteban Chuckwalla
Canebrake Rattlesnake.
Corn Snake.
Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake
Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake
Aldabra Tortoise
Australia and the Islands:
Tawny Frogmouth.
North Island Brown Kiwi.*
Southern Hairy-Nosed Wombat.
Halmahera Gecko
Binturong.
Matschie’s Tree Kangaroo.
Brush-Tailed Bettong.
Tawny Frogmouth.
Indian Crested Porcupine.
Feathertail Glider.
Luzon Bleeding Heart Dove
Masked Lapwing
Freckled Duck
Metallic Starling
Magpie Goose
Chestnut Teal
Straw Necked Ibis
Victoria Crowned Pigeon
Pied Imperial Pigeon
Nicobar Pigeon
Bali Myna
Spotted Whistling Duck
Eastern Rosella
Village Weaver
Koala.
Tasmanian Devil.
Red Kangaroo.
Eastern Grey Kangaroo.
Bornean Orangutan.
Siamang.
White-Handed Gibbon
Asian Small-Clawed Otter.
Black Swan
Dalmatian Pelican
Komodo Dragon.
Congo Expedition:
Black-and-White Colobus Monkey.
African Grey Parrot.
Lady Ross’s Turaco.
Sacred Ibis.
Hadada Ibis.
Black Crowned Crane.
Tambourine Dove
White Headed Buffalo Weaver
Superb Starling
Speckled Pigeon
Common Bulbul
Hammerkop.
Blue-Bellied Roller.
Buff-Crested Bustard.
Black Crake
Hottentot Teal
Black Swan
Radiated Tortoise
Violet-Backed Starling.
Leopard.
Western Lowland Gorilla.
Bonobo.
Red River Hog.
Mandrill.
Okapi.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Any questions, comments, and concerns are welcome.
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Species + Seen List 05-30-2022
Adventure Coast:
California Sea Lion.
Harbor Seal.
Animal Encounters Show:
Indian Crested Porcupine.
Serval.
Red-Tailed Boa.
Bat-Eared Fox.
Striped Skunk.
Kinkajou.
Blue and Yellow Macaw.
Indian Star Tortoise.
Eastern Box Turtle.
Animal Encounters Village:
Bat-Eared Fox.
Domestic Duck.
Striped Skunk.
Short-Beaked Echidna
Garnett’s Galago
African Sand Cat.
Virginia Opossum.
Blue and Yellow Macaw.
Red Fox.
Capybara.
Linneaus’s Two-Toed Sloth.
Sulcata Tortoise.
Radiated Tortoise.
Leopard Tortoise
Southern Tamandua.
Red Ruffed Lemur.
Northern Ground Hornbill
Stingray Bay:
Cownose Ray.
Southern Stingray.
North America:
Trumpeter Swan
Mexican Grey Wolf.
American Bison.
Pronghorn.
Wyandotte Chicken
New Hampshire Chicken
Barbados Goat.
Pygmy Goat.
Angora Goat.
Nubian Goat.
Jacob Sheep.
Dexter Cattle.
Canada Lynx
Alaskan Moose
American Black Bear.
Reindeer.
North American River Otter
Cougar.
Ruddy Duck
Snow Goose
Wood Thrush
White-Crowned Sparrow
Northern Bobwhite
Red-Winged Blackbird
Tufted Titmouse
Gray Catbird
American Robin
American Goldfinch
Baltimore Oriole
Cedar Waxwing
Rose-Breasted Grosbeak
Eastern Towhee
Swainson’s Thrush
White-Faced Ibis
American Golden Plover
Brown-Headed Cowbird
Orchard Oriole
White-Throated Sparrow
Grey-Cheeked Thrush
Sora
Mourning Dove
Indigo Bunting
Dark-Eyed Junco
Scarlet Tanager
Killdeer
Blue-Winged Teal
Virginia Rail
Song Sparrow
Bald Eagle
American Beaver.
Polar Frontier:
Polar Bear
Rainbow Trout.
Kodiak Bear
White Amur.
Bluegill
Redear Sunfish
Largemouth Bass
Black Crappie
Yellow Perch
Rainbow Trout
Arctic Fox
Heart of Africa:
Dromedary Camel.
African Lion
Cheetah.
Common Wildebeest.
Greater Kudu.
Helmeted Guineafowl
Common Ostrich.
Aardvark
Warthog.
Black-Backed Jackal
Thomson’s Gazelle.
Saddle-Billed Stork
Spotted Hyena
African Lion
Grant’s Zebra.
Giraffe.
Masai Giraffe.
East African Grey-Crowned Crane
Dama Gazelle
Slender-Horned Gazelle
Vervet Monkey.
Asia Quest:
Tufted Deer.
Malaysian Giant Pond Turtle
Silvered Leaf Langur.
Sloth Bear
Asian Water Monitor.
Malayan Large Flying Fox.
Radiated Tortoise
Aldabra Tortoise
Golden-Mantled Fruit Bat.
Blue-Faced Honeyeater
Burmese Mountain Tortoise
Greater Malayan Chevrotain.*
Indian Rhino.
Asian Elephant.
Nicobar Pigeon
Western Cattle Egret
Black-Throated Laughingthrush
Reeves Pheasant
Azure Winged Magpie
Reeves Muntjac.
Javan Pond Heron
White Crested Laughingthrush
Burmese Mountain Tortoise
Smew
Red Panda
Markhor.
Pallas’ Cat
Amur Tiger.
Shores and Aquarium:
Caribbean Flamingo
Nene
Aquarium:
Lyretail Anthias.
Yellow Tang.
Neon Goby
Black Percula
Rhodactis sp.
Actinodiscus sp.
Discosoma sp.
Ricordea sp.
Bubble Coral
Hammer Coral
Banggai Cardinalfish.
Spotted Garden Eel.
Raccoon Butterflyfish.
Swallowtail Hawkfish
Ocellaris Clownfish.
Green Button Polyp Coral (Zoanthus sp.)
Florida Mushroom Corallimorph (Ricordea florida)
Turban Snail (Astra sp.)
Green Stripe Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Cup Coral (Turbinaria sp.)
Grey Button Sponge (Unknown sp.)
Green Horn Coral (Hydnophora excess)
Mustard Finger Coral (Montipora digitata)
Pink Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Club Finger Coral (Alcyonium sp.)
Bubble Coral (Plerogyra sinuosa)
Green Fuzzy Mushroom Corallimorph (Rhodactus sp.)
Carpet Anemone (Stichodactyla haddoni).
Tree Coral (Litophyton arboreum)
Devil’s Hand Coral (Lobophytum pauciflorum)
Sea Egg Urchin (Tripneustes ventricosus)
Green Open Brain Coral (Trachyphyllia geoffroyi)
Trumpet Coral (Caulastrea echinulata)
Tooth Coral (Scolymia australis)
Moon Coral (Lobophyllia sp.)
Cluster Coral (Pocillopora damicornis)
Metallic Blue Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Pink Finger Coral (Montipora digitata)
Green Mottle Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Blue Dot Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Green Urchin (Lytechinus variegatus)
Brown Tree Sponge (Unknown sp.)
Brown Button Polyp Coral (Protopalyrhoa grandis)
Brown Seamat Coral (Palythoa caribaeorum)
Cabbage Coral (Lobophytum crassum)
Encrusting Gorgonia (Erythropodium sp.)
Yellow Toadstool Coral (Sarcophyton sp.)
Green Table Coral (Acropora kirstyae)
Elephant Ear Corral (Amplexidiscus fenestrafer)
Blue Stripe Mushroom Corallimorph (Actinodiscus sp.)
Green Hairy Mushroom Corallimorph (Rhodactis sp.)
West Indian Top Snail (Cittarium pica)
Finger Leather Coral (Sinularia sp.)
Chinese Zebra Goby
Blue Green Damsel
Old Glory Goby
Pink Anemonefish.
Six-Line Wrasse
Potbelly Seahorse
Glassy Sweepers
Doctorfish.
Tomato Clownfish
Bangaii Cardinalfish
Flame Angelfish
Pajama Cardinalfish
Sohal Surgeonfish
Red-Belted Anthias
Black-Axil Chromis
Lined Surgeonfish
Palette Surgeonfish.
Sailfin Tang
Mandarinfish
Raccoon Butterflyfish
Canary Wrasse
Yellow Prawn Goby
Tomini Bristlenose Tang
Lined Seahorse
Percula Clownfish
Humphead Wrasse.
Talbot’s Damselfish
Yellow Tang
Scopas Tang.
Lemonpeel Angelfish
Pakistani Angelfish
Koran Angelfish
White Margin Unicorn Tang
Yellowbar Angelfish
Yellowmask Angelfish
Yellow Tang.
Zebra Shark.
Bamboo Shark
Bignose Unicorn Tang.
Bonnethead.
Emperor Angelfish.
Epaulette Shark
Golden Trevally.
Orbicular Batfish.
Palette Surgeonfish.
Pennant Coralfish.
Porcupinefish
Semicircle Angelfish
Sohal Angelfish
Threadfin Snapper.
Titan Trigger
Naso Tang.
Powder Blue Tang.
Barred Flagtail
Convict Tang
Damselfish.
Blue Ring Angelfish
Foxface Rabbitfish.
Epaulette Tang.
Yellowtail Snapper.
Manatee Coast:
Florida Manatee.
Permit.
Southern Stingray.
Lookdown.
Porkfish
Bluestriped Grunt.
Bermuda Chub.
Doctorfish
Rainbow Parrotfish.
Atlantic Spadefish
Atlantic Blue Tang
Brown Pelican
Hawksbill Sea Turtle.
Doctorfish.
Convict Tang.
Humboldt Penguin.
Reptiles:
American Alligator.
Green Mamba.
Axolotl.
Malagasy Leaf-Tailed Gecko
Northern Spider Tortoise
Indian Star Tortoise.
Burmese Star Tortoise.
Northern Copperhead.
Green Tree Python.
Anthony’s Poison Arrow Frog
Amazon Milk Frog.
Mandarin Ratsnake.
West African Burrowing Python.
Spotted Turtle
Yellow-Blotched Map Turtle.
Hellbender
Mata Mata.
Lake Titicaca Frog.
Yellow-Headed Temple Turtle.*
McCord’s Snake-Necked Turtle.
Barbour’s Map Turtle.
Madagascar Hissing Cockroach.
Eastern Massassauga Rattlesnake.
Red-Eyed Crocodile Skink
Prehensile Tailed Skink.
Green Basilisk.
Scrub Python.
Red Spitting Cobra
Mexican Beaded Lizard.
Ball Python.
Pancake Tortoise
San Esteban Chuckwalla
Gila Monster
Grand Cayman Blue Iguana.
Spiny-Tailed Iguana.
Florida Cottonmouth.
Banded Rock Rattlesnake
Sidewinder.
Tokay Gecko
Spiny Hill Turtle.
Black-Breasted Leaf Turtle.
Crocodile Lizard.
Panamanian Golden Frog.
Green and Black Poison Frog
Anthony’s Poison Arrow Frog.
Golden Poison Dart Frog
Bumblebee Poison Dart Frog.
Savu Python.
Merten’s Water Monitor.
Yellow Spotted Amazon Turtle.
Smooth-Fronted Caiman.
Banded Leporinus
Common Pleco.
Annam Pond Turtle
Striped Narrow-Headed Softshell Turtle.
Fly River Turtle.
Siebenrock's Snake Necked Turtle.
Malaysian Giant Pond Turtle.
Macklots Python
Northern Australian Snapping Turtle.
Alligator Snapping Turtle.
King Cobra.
Madagascar Giant Hognose Snake.
Coahuilan Box Turtle
Green Basilisk.
Cape Cobra.*
Carpet Python.
Children’s Python.
Blood Python.
Red-Tailed Racer.
Mandarin Trinket Snake
Yellow Margined Box Turtle
Stripe Necked Leaf Turtle
Three-Striped Box Turtle
Timber Rattlesnake
Black Ratsnake.
Eastern Box Turtle.
Eastern Massassauga Rattlesnake
Northern Copperhead
Lake Erie Water Snake.*
San Esteban Chuckwalla
Canebrake Rattlesnake.
Corn Snake.
Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake
Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake
Aldabra Tortoise
Australia and the Islands:
Tawny Frogmouth.
North Island Brown Kiwi.*
Southern Hairy-Nosed Wombat.
Halmahera Gecko
Binturong.
Matschie’s Tree Kangaroo.
Brush-Tailed Bettong.
Tawny Frogmouth.
Indian Crested Porcupine.
Feathertail Glider.
Luzon Bleeding Heart Dove
Masked Lapwing
Freckled Duck
Metallic Starling
Magpie Goose
Chestnut Teal
Straw Necked Ibis
Victoria Crowned Pigeon
Pied Imperial Pigeon
Nicobar Pigeon
Bali Myna
Spotted Whistling Duck
Eastern Rosella
Village Weaver
Koala.
Tasmanian Devil.
Red Kangaroo.
Eastern Grey Kangaroo.
Bornean Orangutan.
Siamang.
White-Handed Gibbon
Asian Small-Clawed Otter.
Black Swan
Dalmatian Pelican
Komodo Dragon.
Congo Expedition:
Black-and-White Colobus Monkey.
African Grey Parrot.
Lady Ross’s Turaco.
Sacred Ibis.
Hadada Ibis.
Black Crowned Crane.
Tambourine Dove
White Headed Buffalo Weaver
Superb Starling
Speckled Pigeon
Common Bulbul
Hammerkop.
Blue-Bellied Roller.
Buff-Crested Bustard.
Black Crake
Hottentot Teal
Black Swan
Radiated Tortoise
Violet-Backed Starling.
Leopard.
Western Lowland Gorilla.
Bonobo.
Red River Hog.
Mandrill.
Okapi.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Any questions, comments, and concerns are welcome.
