The next section is finished: THE PALEARCTIC TUNDRA: SCANDINAVIA TO SIBERIA
(This can be found on the attached master plan as #201; the original, pre-research thought was to have separate European and Asian tundra exhibits, see #202, but the overlap of species made this inappropriate.)
Excerpts from the Concept :
The concept is an enormous expanse that is still largely wild; much of it is surprisingly wet (including the deltas of the many great rivers draining northern Eurasia into the Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea), key parts of it are mountainous, and almost all of it is notoriously cold, some of it colder than most other land on earth except Antarctica. It is no surprise that this was the last stand of the Woolly Mammoth. It is currently home to a salamander that is mobile at a temperature as low as 0.5°C/33°F and is capable of surviving temperatures as low as -40°C/-40°F and even of walking away after thawing out from apparently having been frozen solid in permafrost. The permafrost here, by the way, reaches down as far as 2000 feet/600 meters.
As a result of climate, history and politics, much of this area (and some of its animals) are unfamiliar to most people. It is the summer breeding grounds of birds with among the most remarkable migration trips in the world, including the Arctic Tern and the Pectoral Sandpiper, whose trips are on the list of longest, and the Great Snipe, famed for the speed and non-stop length of its flight. Siberia is home to the Taimyr Reindeer herd, the largest in the world, 400,000-600,000 animals (formerly about one million) and to some of the coldest spots on earth, including the coldest permanent human settlement, Oymyakon. The sheer size of this bioregion (5000 kilometers/3000 miles east to west) and the natural barriers in the terrain have resulted in animal species with as many as eight subspecies native to this single region. Many of the animal species here were first named (scientifically) by Linnaeus himself, and the prevalence of nominate subspecies, especially on the European tundra, is testimony to the historic centrality of Europe in the field of taxonomy. The region’s plentiful fresh waters are home to a great variety of fish, especially Salmonidae, and many areas within the region market themselves as fishing paradises.
As with the Nearctic Tundra, the exterior exhibits are for ungulates (here, Reindeer and Snow Sheep instead of Caribou and Musk Oxen), Wolves, Wolverines, foxes, waterfowl, ptarmigans, sea and shore birds, loons and cranes, gulls, birds of prey, ravens, and a few rodents and lagomorphs. The centerpiece of this exhibit area is an artificial mountain. On the outside, visitors see Snow Sheep (the Asian cousins of North America’s Bighorn Sheep), Pikas, Marmots, Tundra Wolves and Wolverines. Beneath them, however, the mountain’s interior houses and displays the region’s small mammals (shrews, voles, lemmings, and mustelids), smaller birds (passerines), reptile (one), amphibians, invertebrates, and freshwater fish. The aquatic exhibits are arranged around a central hall, which is dominated by a herd of recreated Woolly Mammoths marching down the center, a species that last survived before extinction on Wrangel Island off the northeast coast of Siberia. There is also a series of dioramas displaying other of the Siberian Ice Age megafauna. The non-exhibit public facilities include an Ice Age Theater, a classroom, a gift shop and a café.
(The cross-section drawing will help you understand this aspect of the design.)
The exhibits cover roughly twenty-six acres (10.5 ha). The approximate animal census is 42 species/subspecies and 348 specimens of mammals, 172 species/subspecies and 705 specimens of birds, one reptile species with four specimens, and four amphibian species with sixteen specimens, for a total of 219 species/subspecies and 1073 specimens (not counting fish or invertebrates). There are approximately 80 species/subspecies of fish on display.
(These are all listed on the attached concept. Combined with the previous sections, not adjusting for overlaps in species/subspecies, the totals now stand at 311 mammal species/subspecies and 1705 specimens, 832 bird species/subspecies and 3995 specimens, 287 reptile species/subspecies and 649 specimens, and 61 amphibian species/subspecies and 242 specimens, for a total not counting fish and invertebrates of 1493 species/subspecies and 6591 specimens).