A new bonobo baby(she is out on exhibit already)!!
Bonobo birth at Jacksonville Zoo reinforces this group's cooperation | jacksonville.com
Bonobo birth at Jacksonville Zoo reinforces this group's cooperation | jacksonville.com
She's not just any new mom. She's the oldest new mom.
At 42, the Jacksonville Zoo's Lorel became the country's most-senior bonobo mother when she delivered a healthy female infant Tuesday. Christened "Baker" by Sara and Brooks Watkins, who outbid others for that right at the recent ExZooberation fundraiser, the infant and mother explored the outside world for the first time together Thursday.
Lorel, who was on inside birth-watch for about six weeks, reacquainted herself with the enclosure while introducing Baker to her new surroundings. She walked short distances upright, climbed atop the wooden platform to squat and rest, or lay on a ground straw bed.
The whole time, her arms were wrapped securely around the infant, which clung tightly to her chest and occasionally suckled. Now and again, Baker raised her tiny head, sniffed and squinted around.
The pregnancy was a joyful surprise to the zoo's keepers.
"We didn't think Lorel could get pregnant again," said Tracy Fenn, the zoo's supervisor of mammals. "We started planning reproductive assessment to see if she was post-reproductive because of her age. But as soon as we started planning, she had a positive pregnancy test."
Lorel, whose birthday was April 17, is the third-oldest bonobo in North America. This is her eighth offspring and third since arriving here in 1998.
It's the zoo's fifth bonobo birth and second in less than two years. Baker's arrival raises the zoo's bonobo population to 12 — nine females and three males — making it one of the largest of the eight zoos in the country that house bonobos.
DNA testing will be used to determine the father, though Fenn thinks it's Akili, their 30-year-old primary breeding male.
Lorel's advanced age made close monitoring a priority, so the zoo worked since November with Tracy Moegenburg, a sonographer with the Mayo Clinic and founder of Animal Images, which specializes in ultrasound for animals.
At a recent pre-birth ultrasound session inside the ape house, Lorel squatted belly-down in an overhead cage, sipping diluted grape juice from a squeeze bottle held by one of her trainers, Sabrina Barnes, who stood on a stepladder.
Moegenburg stood directly below, reaching overhead to apply the ultrasound probe to Lorel's belly. Next to Moegenburg stood Nancy Kitchen, another bonobo trainer, operating the laptop-sized ultrasound machine. Fenn stood nearby monitoring the process and reinforcing Lorel with an occasional, "Good girl, momma."
Kitchen and Barnes used positive reinforcement training strategies to teach Lorel to present her belly and stay in position during the 20- to 30-minute sessions.
"What's really great is Lorel's been so accepting and comfortable around Tracy from the beginning," said Fenn.
Looking on with great interest during the session was Kuni — who had an ultrasound in 2009 while pregnant with Neely Ann, the last bonobo born at the zoo. She cradled Neely Ann in her arms as she watched from a nearby enclosure, occasionally breaking into excited, high-pitched screaming over the proceedings.
She was joined by other bonobos throughout the ape house, as well as a great ape of a different species outside. The huge silhouette of the zoo's 500-pound silverback gorilla, Quito, loomed as he peered through a small hole in the door to see what all the fuss was about.
"He's watching what's going on because it's obviously very interesting," joked Fenn. "He wants to stay in the loop."
Bonobos are closely related to chimpanzees and were the last of the great apes to be identified, around 1929. They are among the world's most threatened species, with an estimated 5,000 to 50,000 living in just one dwindling location in the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa. There are about 290 captive bonobos worldwide.
"Lorel represents not only an endangered species but one that is so rare there still isn't a lot known about them," said Tony Vecchio, the zoo's executive director.
Bonobos, along with chimpanzees, are our closest relatives and live in unique matriarchal societies that reinforce cooperation. They exhibit little aggression toward one another, instead resolving conflicts through sexual behavior. Child-rearing is shared among all group members.
"Lorel's parenting style is very protective," said Fenn. "Her offspring tend to be somewhat dependent because she keeps tight control over them. This differs from Kuni's style, which is more relaxed and results in more independent offspring."
This seemed to be the case during their first outing, as Lorel covered Baker protectively while other curious bonobos moved close for a better view. Meanwhile, 17-month-old Neely Ann was freely exploring the enclosure several feet from Kuni.
Lorel and Baker will be on display throughout the weekend.