Masterplan of my "absolute" Zoo - 2023 version

Hello,

today I describe a new part of the African Zone, that opens the Equatorial part of the continent, with a special focus on an exhibit dedicated to Gorillas.

Name : Gorilla Forest.
Year of building : 1988.
Inspiration : Gorilla Rainforest in Melbourne / Australia (cf. Zoolex).
Capacity : 2-10 Gorillas.
Surface : 600 m² for the night quarters [Gorilla Pavilion] (9), and two islands of 2.210 m² and 1.810 m² (10-11).
Fencing : large glass panels in the night quarters. Outside there are islands, the falling of the primates being prevented by an electric fence along the bank.
Internal layout : it includes a 600 m² building that is functional, with 2 indoor enclosures of 150 m² each (B-C), and a visit corridor along.
In the indoor enclosures the soil is made of mulch, and the food (vegetables...) is disposed on mesh on the top of the enclosures.
There's also a room for the staff (A), also visible by the visitors, with a kitchen, a refrigerator and a dishwasher. Only two isolation dens (10 m² each) are off the public view.
All the windows and the walls of the night quarters building are sound-proof.
On the islands the soil is made of clay and planted, some large trees present before the realization of the complex have been maintained. In some areas where the soil and the plants have been damaged by the gorillas the ground has been filled with compost and mulch, that is also useful for the enrichments (pellets, other food items and artefacts are regularly placed in these areas). Browse materials are disposed on the islands too, it reduces the damages to the trees and other plants. On the islands there are grassy zones that give the Gorillas access to the sun, and also places to isolate from the visitors thanks to the slopes, vegetation and mock rocks blocks with caves.
Finally there are puzzle feeders in the inside and in the outside enclosures.
Management : the vegetation near the electric fences is regularly cut. The maintenance happens during the early morning or in winter months when the primates remain inside (when the air temperature is below 10°C).
Studies on Gorilla behaviour are regularly led in this complex.
Visitor facilities : interactive panels and other signage are disposed in the Gorilla Pavilion about the life of the Gorillas and other apes, and the conservation program led in Rwanda for the rare Mountain Gorillas and supported by the Zoo.
In days with affluence there are patrolling staff around the Gorillas islands to avoid incidents.

Here's the map of the Gorilla House, that hasn't changed since last year :
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Indoor enclosure of the Gorilla Pavilion :
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(Credits : @twilighter )

Gorilla Island :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

Western Lowland Gorilla :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

Currently the complex hosts only Western Lowland Gorillas Gorilla gorilla gorilla (2.4) ; the two bachelor males BAGA and DOGO have been joined by four young females called QUENA, RAYMONDE, SABINE and TITA.

I will describe soon the following exhibits of the Equatorial part of the African Zone, this time dedicated to birds.

Stay in touch !
 
Hello,

after the Gorillas I would describe a long row of bird exhibits, that display a lot of medium to large bird species.
All these birds are representative of various environments (wetlands, savannas, rainforests and steppes), orders/families and feeding habits. Some of them belong to threatened species and are subjects to breeding programs, sometimes initiated by our Zoo.

The first one (12) is small (70 m²) but completes the Gorilla complex, because it's an island out of the reach of the primates. The ground is made of lawn with some low bushes and wooden nest boxes.
Its dwellers aren't rare nor threatened, but representative of the African wetlands.

We can see there 3 duck species (the Great White Pelicans having left the Zoo) :
  • Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiaca (5.0)
  • White-faced Whistling Duck Dendrocygna viduata (3.5)
  • Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos (3.1), new species for the Zoo.
African Waterfowl Pond :
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(Credits : @TinoPup )

Egyptian Goose :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

White-faced Whistling Duck :
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(Credits : @Ding Lingwei )

Comb Duck :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

At the end of the Gorilla complex, there's also a large aviary (13) of 1.815 m².
This aviary is 9 m high and netted, with a structure sustained by poles, a pond in the middle, a lot of reeds and marsh vegetation and even a wooden birding shelter in front of it.
There are several trees (willows, alders...), some nesting platforms have been built on them.
There are several species in this aviary, some of them are very easy, other are much more elusive and hard to spot even in captive conditions.

The current species living in this aviary are :
  • Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor (8.2)
  • African Finfoot Podica senegalensis (1.4), this species is unique in European zoos
  • Grey-crowned Crane Balearica regulorum (1.1)
  • Black Heron Egretta ardesiaca (9.8), new species for the Zoo
  • White-faced Whistling Duck Dendrocygna viduata (7.0)
The Black Herons that recently came in the collection have already formed a small breeding colony, producing 2.4 fledglings from 2 clutches in 2022.
1.0 Grey-crowned Crane arrived in the aviary to form a breeding pair, while the Whistling Ducks come from the neighbouring duck island, in order to avoid inbreeding.
The Saddle-billed Storks, that may harass or hurt more fragile species, have finally left the Zoo.

African waterbird aviary :
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(Credits : @twilighter )

Lesser Flamingo :
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(Credits : @Dianamonkey )

African Finfoot :
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(Credits : @Hix )

Grey-crowned Cranes :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

Black Heron :
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(Credits : @Ding Lingwei )

In front of this aviary there's another large netted aviary (14), with a height of 7 m and a surface of 540 m².
Its layout is much more barren, with only grass, a large tree and a wooden platform.
It's the first aviary of a long row mainly dedicated to birds of prey and bustards.

It's the home of rare Secretary birds Sagittarius serpentarius (0.2).

Secretary Bird aviary :
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(Credits : @Mr Gharial )

Secretary Bird :
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(Credits : @Rhino00 )

It's possible to see the Secretary Birds "in action" during daily feeding sessions, in these ones they may show their unique behaviour with rubber snakes given by the keepers (who give them real food after).
These talks are also used to present the special biological features of this species, the threats on them (and on most of the other large raptor species) in Tropical Africa, and the monitoring, conservation and reintroduction projects of Secretary Birds supported by the Zoo in Kenya and South Africa.

I must mention that these feeding sessions continue in the neighbouring aviaries and especially in the second one (15), that is also large (640 m²) and high (7 m) and results from the lumping of two former distinct aviaries (that kept Mauritius Kestrels and Crowned Hawk-Eagles).
The layout is similar to the Secretary Bird aviary.

Here we can see White-headed Vultures Trigonoceps occipitalis (1.2), a CR species from Subsaharan Africa. Unless the Indian Vultures previously described, this species hasn't yet successfully bred in the Zoo, that projects to rear chicks in the coming years.

The talks that go with the feeding sessions highlight the ecological role of Vultures and other scavengers in the African savannahs, the threats they face (especially resulting from large game poachers that poison the birds, and from the trafficking of bird parts for "medicinal" purposes), and the anti-poaching program led by the Zoo in Zambia, finally beneficial to the large birds.

White-headed Vulture aviary :
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(Credits : @zoogiraffe )

White-headed Vulture :
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(Credits : @Haliaeetus )

The next aviary (16) is smaller (225 m²) and lower (4 m high). There's a lot of vegetation and wooden shelters to protect the tranquility of its dwellers.
Here we can see a new species for the Zoo, very rare in Europe : the Fraser's Eagle-owl Bubo poensis (2.1), that replace the former pair of Abyssinian Ground Hornbills.

Here the talks are focused on the adaptations of the (local and exotic) Strigiformes, in terms of climate, environment and food.

Fraser's Eagle-owl aviary :
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(Credits : @felis silvestris )

Fraser's Eagle-owl :
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(Credits : @Ed Hazebroek )

The following aviary (17) has a surface of 235 m² and houses another new species for the Zoo, also unique in Europe : the Scissor-tailed Kite Chelictinia riocourii (3.3), native from the Sahelian belt and recently classified as VU in the wild.

Here the talks are centered on the special vulnerability of birds in the Sahelian part of Africa, with an harsh environment, detrimental human activities (degradation of natural vegetation, anti-locust pesticides...), now compounded by political instability.
We hope that our pairs will breed in the near future.

Scissor-tailed Kite aviary :
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(Credits : @KevinB )

Another aviary (18) has a surface of 210 m² and is dedicated to another Owl species, new for the Zoo : the Pel's Fishing Owl Scotopelia peli (2.1).
Formerly dedicated to Bustards, this aviary has been planted and even a small pool has been created in the middle of the exhibit.

The talks are focused on another, more unusual, type of adaptation of the Owls.
The visitors can see the owls fed with real fish.

Pel's Fishing Owl aviary :
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(Credits : @vogelcommando )

Pel's Fishing Owl :
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(Credits : @Mo Hassan )

The Bustards have been transferred in the next aviary (19), that is the result from the lumping of two previous aviaries that housed White-bellied Bustards (that have left the collection) and Brown-necked Ravens.

The lumping of the aviaries leads to the creation of a large aviary (500 m²), fit for large ground species. The species housed here is the Denham's Bustard Neotis denhami (3.1), a species unique in Europe.
The soil is mainly sandy with a few small trees.

The talks explain especially the conservation challenges encountered by the Bustards, not only in Africa but also in Europe. We haven't yet managed the breeding of the species but we hope that it will be possible in the coming years.

I notice that the Zoo wants to lead breeding programs for the Denham's Bustards, as well as the Scissor-tailed Kites described earlier.

Denham's Bustard aviary :
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(Credits : @Hix )

Denham's Bustard :
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(Credits : @Jogy )

I will describe the last bird habitats in the coming days.

Now I let you comment the previous posts about the African Zone, and give me some suggestions for the 2024 version of the Zoo.

Stay in touch !
 
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