It's not every day that a new species of
cat is described...
Abstract
In 1989, a skin of a small spotted cat, from the Galeras Volcano in southern Colombia (Nariño Department), was donated to the Instituto Alexander von Humboldt (identification, ID 5857) at Villa de Leyva (Boyacá Department, Colombia). Although originally classified as
Leopardus tigrinus, its distinctiveness merits a new taxonomic designation. The skin is distinct from all known
L. tigrinus holotypes as well as from other
Leopardus species. Analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes from 44 felid specimens (including 18
L. tigrinus and all the current known species of the genus
Leopardus), the mt
ND5 gene from 84 felid specimens (including 30
L. tigrinus and all the species of the genus
Leopardus), and six nuclear DNA microsatellites (113 felid specimens of all the current known species of the genus
Leopardus) indicate that this specimen does not belong to any previously recognized
Leopardus taxon. The mt
ND5 gene suggests this new lineage (the Nariño Cat as we name it) is a sister taxon of
Leopardus colocola. The mitogenomic and nuclear DNA microsatellite analyses suggest that this new lineage is the sister taxon to a clade formed by Central American and trans-Andean
L. tigrinus + (
Leopardus geoffroyi +
Leopardus guigna). The temporal split between the ancestor of this new possible species and the most recent ancestor within
Leopardus was dated to 1.2–1.9 million years ago. We consider that this new unique lineage is a new species, and we propose the scientific name
Leopardus narinensis.
Full text at
Genes | Free Full-Text | Morphological and Genetics Support for a Hitherto Undescribed Spotted Cat Species (Genus Leopardus; Felidae, Carnivora) from the Southern Colombian Andes (mdpi.com)