North American Asian Elephant Population 2024

There are several bulls at White Oak currently, only Casey is being used for breeding. Vance, Gunther, Osgood, PT, Irvin and Barack are the others there.
As I stated earlier, this doccument now shows that there are more elephants there than previously known, including more former ringling cows.

Not all of these elephants are at their Yulee campus. A lot of the older girls and a couple bulls are still living down at the old ringling campus and will never be moved due to their age.


Thank you so much @Frankie_number_1_fan for finding this information! As someone who has been trying to track down the exact location of the Ringling herd for quite some time this document is an incredible find. I also find it interesting that Everland is mentioned on there for AI meaning that Kosik or Udara could be used in the future for breeding in the US. I myself don't know the answer but does anyone know if elephant semen can be frozen to be transported similar to rhinoceros or does it need to be a fresh sample in order for a success to occur?


African sperm can be frozen whereas Asian sperm is more difficult. IIRC Asian sperm can be chilled but they haven’t mastered the art of freezing as the quality of the sample drops drastically and its use has never resulted in a successful pregnancy.
 
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Not all of these elephants are at their Yulee campus. A lot of the older girls and a couple bulls are still living down at the old ringling campus and will never been moved due to their age.
Interesting! Do you know which individuals are still at the Ringling Campus? If White Oak does have ownership of all the former Ringling Animals, then that confirms that they are only those individuals are still alive.
 
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While I can't speak for Isa, Viola is still very much alive and still traveling with the circus. As can be seen from her well publicized escape from her handlers a few days ago.
https://www.npr.org/2024/04/17/1245305091/circus-elephant-escaped-butte-montana

I thought that the name sounded familiar!

Geez, poor girl. At least the incident was short, the locals gave her plenty of space, and no one was hurt.

I don't think anyone wants a repeat of what happened with Tyke in 1994. Tyke (elephant) - Wikipedia
 
If I had it my way, they would transfer Shanti and Joy to the Smithsonian National Zoo. Boom, immediate multi-generational herd. They just got two elephants though, so that's the wrench in those plans, unless they did another transfer.

It would be really nice for Miami to get serious about elephants again, poor Nellie could use some friends and what's the point of Ongard being there if not for breeding? The climate is pretty perfect for Asian elephants, not to mention, pretty similar to Houston's (hot and humid, prone to storms).
 
If I had it my way, they would transfer Shanti and Joy to the Smithsonian National Zoo. Boom, immediate multi-generational herd. They just got two elephants though, so that's the wrench in those plans, unless they did another transfer.

It would be really nice for Miami to get serious about elephants again, poor Nellie could use some friends and what's the point of Ongard being there if not for breeding? The climate is pretty perfect for Asian elephants, not to mention, pretty similar to Houston's (hot and humid, prone to storms).

Shanti’s mother is at Washington DC but I don’t see that transfer happening. Maybe they can move Bozie though.
 
It would be really nice for Miami to get serious about elephants again, poor Nellie could use some friends and what's the point of Ongard being there if not for breeding? The climate is pretty perfect for Asian elephants, not to mention, pretty similar to Houston's (hot and humid, prone to storms).
The initial plan was to acquire females following Nellie (and Dahlip's) passings.

Considering Ongard hasn't been placed in a breeding situation at this stage, I'd imagine there would still be the intention of acquiring females for him down the line. He hasn't been trained for AI as of yet too, which I think further supports this.
 
Shanti’s mother is at Washington DC but I don’t see that transfer happening. Maybe they can move Bozie though.
Shanti and Bozie have been seperated for decades now. Reintroducing them presents loads more challenges than benefits especially given that both are a part of long established social groups.

It would be really nice for Miami to get serious about elephants again, poor Nellie could use some friends and what's the point of Ongard being there if not for breeding?
Ongard and Nellie are on exhibit together iirc (anyone feel free to correct me if I'm wrong though), so both are receiving socialization even if not an ideal way. Miami's recent plans for elephants are honestly very up in the air. As others have pointed out, their exhibit is not large enough to house a growing breeding herd, so they'd have to undergo severe rennovations before even considering bringing in cows for Ongard. I've seen speculation that they might be a future bachelor facility given their current exhibit layout, but I've seen nothing from the facility themselves that hints to that.
 
Baylor from Houston has made his move to Denver. He has already be reintroduced to his brother Duncan.

Denver Zoo on Instagram: "Please help us give a warm welcome to our newest resident, Baylor the Asian elephant! Fourteen-year-old Baylor arrived from Houston Zoo at the recommendation of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums' Asian Elephant Species Survival Plan (SSP). This move supports our ongoing efforts to help protect Endangered Asian elephants and supports the natural history of this species. Thanks to our facilities and expertise, we’re able to provide a great home for male elephants, ensuring they live happily and healthily when it’s time for them to leave their maternal herds. Integrating a new elephant into an established herd is no small task, but we’re happy to share that Baylor is settling in well! Our skilled elephant care team is carefully managing his transition, prioritizing his comfort and well-being. Baylor's arrival was also made even more special by a sweet reunion with his younger brother, 10-year-old Duncan, who joined us last year. Duncan has been an incredible addition to our bachelor herd, and we’re excited to see the brotherly support he offers Baylor during this new chapter. According to our friends in Houston, Baylor is a gentle and thoughtful elephant who loves interacting with his care team and enjoys snacking on browse or hay. Our Animal Care Specialists will continue to gradually introduce Baylor to the other members of our bachelor herd including 54-year-old Groucho, 20-year-old Bodhi, 16-year-old Billy and 14-year-old Jake. As he acclimates to his new home, Baylor may have access to behind-the-scenes indoor spaces, or outdoor Toyota Elephant Passage habitats. Join us in welcoming Baylor to Denver Zoo and be sure to say hi to him during your next visit! Head to the link in our bio to get your tickets today. "
 
Apparently the plan is to send him over to Houston; where he has a breeding recommendation with Joy.

Joy isn’t old enough to breed yet though till next year. The AZA guidelines recommend to start breeding elephants by the time they’re 8 years old, Joy is still 6 years old turning 7 next month. And I thought he was going to Houston to breed with Tupelo…
 
Joy isn’t old enough to breed yet though till next year. The AZA guidelines recommend to start breeding elephants by the time they’re 8 years old, Joy is still 6 years old turning 7 next month. And I thought he was going to Houston to breed with Tupelo…
Tupelo is recommended for AI with I believe two different males at this time.
 
Joy isn’t old enough to breed yet though till next year. The AZA guidelines recommend to start breeding elephants by the time they’re 8 years old, Joy is still 6 years old turning 7 next month. And I thought he was going to Houston to breed with Tupelo…
Yes, but obviously this is a move that is planned for in a few years (rather than right now). Sending Tucker elsewhere will probably have to occur before Houston could bring in another bull too.

Tupelo is recommended for AI with Billy and Samson at this point in time.
 
Yes, but obviously this is a move that is planned for in a few years (rather than right now). Sending Tucker elsewhere will probably have to occur before Houston could bring in another bull too.

Tupelo is recommended for AI with Billy and Samson at this point in time.
Denver has stated that Chuck will arrive in Houston in early May, so presumably in a week or two. He's probably being transferred "early" so that he can assimilate into the bachelor grouping there. It makes much more sense for them to have a prepared breeding bull rather than a bull related to the young females in the facility.
 
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Denver has stated that Chuck will arrive in Houston in early May, so presumably in a week or two. He's probably being transferred "early" so that he can assimilate into the bachelor grouping there. It makes much more sense for them to have a prepared breeding bull rather than a bull related to the young females in the facility.
Interesting as it would take them up to four bachelor bulls (Capacity).

He doesn't have application within Houston's herd in the mean time, with the both the breeding and bachelor herds.

But does make sense if Denver and Houston were directly swapping Baylor and Chuck.
 
Interesting as it would take them up to four bachelor bulls (Capacity).

He doesn't have application within Houston's herd in the mean time, with the both the breeding and bachelor herds.

But does make sense if Denver and Houston were directly swapping Baylor and Chuck.
Teddy and Nelson are not fully integrated into the bachelor herd and presumably won't be for a few years. Teddy hasn't been introduced to the older boys yet afaik. So they are very much not at capacity with their bulls for now.

I'm not fully sure why Chuck is not reccomended to breed with Tupelo, but its very likely he'll be reccomended to breed with Tilly in a few years. And by then he very well may have a reccomendation with Tupelo as well.

Its a much smarter logistic choice to make the transfer of the two now rather than later. Both boys will remain in bachelor situations, but Chuck is now in a position where he can breed when needed and Baylor is able to move from his natal facility, a crucial step in his maturity.
 
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Apparently the plan is to send him over to Houston; where he has a breeding recommendation with Joy.
I was aware of this particular (potential) transfer move. I just wanted to leave it unmentioned and in the middle (forumsters already commented upon the issue and cited the intended recipient zoo) as as long as this move has not actually happened all sorts of eventualities might happen delaying a move or even not having it proceed. I just let myself and others be pleasantly surprised if and when it actually has happened (and both zoos involved have actually publicised the move on their communication and social media channels). I think this is professionally best practice (aside I might be privy to confidential information that has been communicated in confidential dialogue or communications).
 
Joy isn’t old enough to breed yet though till next year. The AZA guidelines recommend to start breeding elephants by the time they’re 8 years old, Joy is still 6 years old turning 7 next month. And I thought he was going to Houston to breed with Tupelo…
You may be correct age-wise as cow elephants throughout their natural range at around 10-12 years of age. A more recently researched phenomenon in captivity has indicated that best practice in captivity may promote / advance first age at reproduction and onset of sexual maturity may occur much earlier ... (even at the 6-9 years of age range). F Joy is now at the first step in that process.

Yes, but obviously this is a move that is planned for in a few years (rather than right now). Sending Tucker elsewhere will probably have to occur before Houston could bring in another bull too.

Tupelo is recommended for AI with Billy and Samson at this point in time.
I am somewhat surprised and admittedly just al little dismayed that AZA SSP management continues to over-emphasize and put so much in resources into usage of assisted reproduction techniques and artificial insemination over natural breeding when there are proven or potential breeding bulls on site or will be transferred shortly into a breeding situation with available and reproductively active / able cows on site.

If a comparison is made between natural reproduction and artificial insemination procedures ... it is invariably is self evident (several papers/studies relating to elephant captive conditions have confirmed this) that a bull elephant will by behaviour and design discern the slightest changes in hormonal cycles in the cow elephants and thus the most opportune moment for natural matings (and eventual successful reproduction) with the available sexually mature and cycling cows elephants. Nothing beats that naturally evoluted system ....!

Now, the only reason why I would find justification for and ressort to nvasive reproductive work and/or AI procedures is when bull or cow elephants after this process seems to not have worked over time to evaluate their elephants reproductively and perhaps then use AI as a tested method in their tool box for ex situ conservation breeding.
 
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