Speculative Zoo Design and Planning Resources Thread

Generally I would start with just having a basic idea of an exhibit, and organizing your resources that you plan to utilize when making it, and then building off from there. This would be best to consolidate your necessities into a sense of efficiency, as to not to be overwhelmed. :)
 
For me I start off with what theme I want, and then I go from there. I find that creating a species list and planning it the number of animals (with male/female ratio included) is a great first step. After that things like walkthroughs and details about the exhibits and the animal care can be added. If you are looking for suggestions about amps, I’m sure that a couple of other ZC members (I’m sure they know who they are) can help you.
 
I apologise if this question is not correct for this thread.

I am currently struggling a bit. I really want to continue making exhibits, but I struggle with knowing how exactly to go about it. It is mainly the researching stage I struggle with, as the designing is often easier for me. But as I want to make my exhibits more realistic and detailed, there's also a steep learning curve for me in regards to researching the area/species I want in my complex.

Does anyone have any tips (or preferably a step-by-step guide) as to how to complete the research for a complex before designing it?

I usually do research as I go and flex as deemed necessary. Typically this involves digging through the manuals and resources I have and seeing what mixes and designs will work and how I'll need to flex my layout. I've currently shunted around quite a bit of stuff in the African complex I'm working on.
I find a lot of my exhibit inspiration draws from zoos I've been to or exhibits I've seen that catch my eye.

In more direct response to your question, I think we all would have fairly different answers to a step by step guide; honestly I don't know if I could set mine to a specific step by step process for how much I tend to change and jump around. One of the main things I would suggest is have a few keystone species for the area and then build around them. Finding species that work with or complement them. Also be willing to flex a fair bit, research can often turn up interesting ideas or flaws in what we may have in mind.
 
That's not what i'm asking. I have the resources, i'm just a bit overwhelmed, so i'm asking how to research efficiently (e.g. what to research first in a complex, how to not get overwhelmed etc.). In essence, how to use them efficiently.

There's no easy answer here. You have to start with a concept, which is from your imagination and not from research. The concept will provide the limits. If you were to give us an example of a concept you're trying to research, we might be able to give you some guidance as to how not to get too overwhelmed.

I start with a concept, in my case, an or a set of contiguous, related ecoregions.

Then I research the habitats or sub-habitats that make up each ecoregion.

Then I research the list of species and subspecies of vertebrates native to the area. Then I trim out the species that are only visitors and not breeders there or for which the area is not the heart of their breeding range, but this is because my overall concept is zoogeographic.

Then I research each species and subspecies for range and habitat (to decide in what subarea of the ecoregion for display and the basic idea of the exhibit), size of the animal (for exhibit design, especially dimensions), mating/reproductive strategy (including territoriality) (whether to display singly, in pairs, in a group, etc.), diet (to avoid housing predators with prey, not just carnivores and herbivores, but also to avoid housing the many species that are nominally herbivores but are also eaters of eggs and nestlings with birds in multi-species exhibits) (and also to provide for live prey as part of the husbandry specifications when possible), relationship with water (to decided what's needed in the exhibit) and IUCN status. (This last occasionally means I'll decide a species is too rare to exhibit.) This can be the hard and exhausting part. I have often been surprised at how little of the information I want is available about many, many species. Sometimes you have to research one species under multiple common names and even multiple scientific names when there has been a change in the taxonomy within the last several decades or even century. Sometimes you have to rely on information about a related species and hope you're safe in doing so. Sometimes you have to use the SWAG method (Systematic Wild Ass Guess).

Then I consult the various standards for exhibit size and usually at least double them. There aren't standards available for all species, so I have developed some of my own, especially for birds, reptiles and amphibians.

Then I sort the species and subspecies into exhibits or groups of exhibits based on all this data, and hope inspiration strikes me for some ideas about shape and arrangement. I'll look at Zoolex to see if anything there helps with inspiration. Sometimes I just start drawing and see where it takes me. For the Palearctic Tundra, I started with the large mammal exhibits on a big, master drawing and sort of arranged them to mirror the geography of where the species/subspecies are found. Then I took all the bird and small mammal exhibits and cut out pieces of paper to scale for each of them and played around with different arrangements of them.

Except for the Galapagos, I gave up on trying to specify the plants. I just don't know enough about plants even properly to research them much less decide on which to include. My drawings are fairly limited in exhibit detail--they show short grass, long grass, sand, bare soil, gravel, rocks, deciduous trees, deciduous shrubs, evergreen shrubs, evergreen trees, logs, shallow freshwater, deep freshwater, shallow saltwater, deep saltwater, artificial ice and concrete (for moats mostly). It's fairly easy to decide which of these are needed/appropriate in a given exhibit.

Hope this helps.
 
Just a question, how actually do you go about searching the website through ecoregions?

Go to the search page (Trait search - Encyclopedia of Life) and enter an ecoregion in the value field (see attachment). Then you should get a page where you can go through the species.

You do have to have an ecoregion in mind to search for already.
 

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This isn't exactly the normal type of resource that's discussed here, but I'm creating a database of cutout animal images with the help of 1SquirrelMonkey.
This isn't very useful for the actual creation of a zoo, but might be helpful for the visualization.

I've counted up all the species I've used so far throughout my 'Burgers' zoo project', zoo guides and distribution maps series and I have over 1500 cutouts of animals. The database won't be finished in a long while, but would anyone be interested in this becoming publically accessible for people to use in their own fantasy zoos?
 
This isn't exactly the normal type of resource that's discussed here, but I'm creating a database of cutout animal images with the help of 1SquirrelMonkey.
This isn't very useful for the actual creation of a zoo, but might be helpful for the visualization.

I've counted up all the species I've used so far throughout my 'Burgers' zoo project', zoo guides and distribution maps series and I have over 1500 cutouts of animals. The database won't be finished in a long while, but would anyone be interested in this becoming publically accessible for people to use in their own fantasy zoos?

I have personally wanted to do icons on some of my maps, but have given up due to not being able to find the right ones publicly available or not being able to successfully create them.

So I think it would be a good resource to be around.
 
I have personally wanted to do icons on some of my maps, but have given up due to not being able to find the right ones publicly available or not being able to successfully create them.

So I think it would be a good resource to be around.

Good to hear! It's nowhere near completion yet (so far we only have birds of prey, owls, primates and crocodiles finished, and the carnivora are nearing completion) but I'll see if I can make it available around September (end of the Dutch summer vacation).

When it's finished I'll also start a new thread with a full species list of what we have and monthly updates of what's been added. People will be able to request new additions at that point as well
 
Then I consult the various standards for exhibit size and usually at least double them. There aren't standards available for all species, so I have developed some of my own, especially for birds, reptiles and amphibians.
Would you please consider releasing your hypothesised standards to this thread to allow others (including myself) to use?
 
Also just to more specifically give advice on how to make a quality speculative zoo:
  • Don't start with the species list in general - think of what makes your zoo special, and what the aim is. Then you can start thinking about the areas of your zoo and what you want to achieve, and then maybe start thinking about what species you want to house.
  • Try to keep it at least vaguely realistic! Don't just make a zoo with a load of species that aren't at all found in captivity (unless you are undertaking a project such as that by @KevinB), have a maximum of, say, 3 or 4 very rare species. The best speculative zoos are those that are more realistic in terms of species housed, not only because it tends to mean that more thought has gone into it than looking at a Wikipedia page, but also because your ideas will apply more directly to the real world.
  • When you design your exhibits, research the species individually! Look at exhibits for that species that already exist, look at care manuals for the species if they exist, look at the animal's diet and requirements in the wild as well as their behaviour, particularly when it comes to reproduction if you have chosen to house a breeding pair.
  • Pay close attention to your mixes - certain mixes that I've seen on the speculative zoo forums of late have been completely outlandish and would never work - think properly about which animals would go together and when in doubt, ask. On the other hand, do include mixed species exhibits, it does make the zoo more exciting and fun to read about.
  • When you are drawing the map, make the exhibit sizes realistic and map as clear as possible if you're going to post it. This helps the reader to properly understand your zoo's layout and without a map reading a description can be convoluted and a difficult task.
  • Finally, and most importantly, when you write out your posts, don't just write species lists! The whole point of the speculative zoo forum is to design interesting exhibits and describe the zoo - just posting a species list adds absolutely nothing and goes against the rules of the spec. zoo forum. Try to describe the exhibit as you picture it as best you can. Things like 'a grassy paddock holds the following:' followed by a list of species, doesn't count as a description. It gives no idea of dimensions, of enrichment, of viewing opportunities or of indoor accommodation, not to mention keeper access and where the animals get food and water. You should aim to at least give a vague idea of how big or small the exhibit is and at least a few of the aforementioned factors. To be quite honest, giving a two-word long description which we could already have guessed just off the species list isn't good enough really.
  • PS - Do try to make innovative and interesting exhibits - if you are just repeating largely what has been done in every other zoo to ever hold the species, then in what way are you adding anything? Just a thought...

Just returning to this thread for the first time in a while to reflect on what I've seen being created on the forum as a whole since the change and to add some thoughts of my own on possible points of improvement for those adding content.

In general, from my point of view at least, the forum has improved significantly in quality as a result of the change, so the renaming and redirection of the vein of the forum has had a positive effect on the calibre of the content posted. In general, people are putting more thought into their designs and I and I'm sure others have seen some innovative and interesting ideas coming out of this part of the site. On the whole, people appear to be doing more research and putting more thought into each exhibit, a trend which I hope will persist. Perhaps the most welcome change is the elimination of simple 'species list' threads with little to no description of the exhibits and supporting infrastructure. I'm very thankful to the mods and Sim for taking the time to sort through the threads on here and eliminate those that weren't adding to the forum as well as eliciting a general change in the direction of the threads on here.

Having said all this, there are still points of improvement from my perspective. Just to be clear, the following is coming from someone who has made many of the mistakes below and this is just advice that in my experience tends to improve not only the quality of a spec. zoo but also the degree of interaction from others not only within but also outside this pocket of the website. The main issue I've found with new threads is that they tend to push realism in some areas and neglect it in others. I find that the best spec. zoo threads which are not only the most interesting to read but also receive the most attention from others on the forum tend to be one of two things.

The first is a zoo that embraces realism and goes to the effort of thoroughly researching the costs incurred and income brought in by real life zoos and then applying this to their own. This means making sure that the zoo is (at least potentially) fiscally viable in the location and at the size that you propose, as well as thinking more deeply about the infrastructure behind the upkeep of the zoo. Just to be clear this doesn't mean planning out absolutely everything down to a T, but it does mean making sure that you and others reading the thread believe the zoo would function in real life. This is, in my experience, the most successful and rewarding kind of speculative zoo.

The second is the zoo that perhaps embraces the opposite - it recognises that it isn't realistic in practice and instead seeks to develop interesting new ways of displaying animals, largely ignoring the potential cost incurred or the viability of the zoo as a whole. While this means that one has largely free rein over sizes of enclosures, it doesn't mean that giving a shrew an entire field as an exhibit isn't ridiculous - remember bigger isn't always better and the best innovative exhibits often find a way of using a limited space to their advantage.

The slight issue that seems to be recurring across the forum is that many people are coming up with zoos that are in between these two perspectives - zoos that feature long and often infeasible lineups of animals (which I have no problem with if they are featured in the second 'type' of spec. zoo) but then try to incorporate elements of realism on top of that. The problem with this is twofold. The 'mix' of types, so to speak, makes it less enjoyable and more confusing to read the thread, at least from my perspective, but also the lack of realism in some areas undermines the attempts at realism in others, which inevitably leads to members questioning the realism and the thread becoming sidetracked.

I'd therefore urge people to try to edge towards one of the two 'types' outlined above. Of course this is entirely in your hands and just a suggestion but I think the issue at times undermines the progress this forum has made in terms of quality of content since the guideline change.
 
When it's finished I'll also start a new thread with a full species list of what we have and monthly updates of what's been added. People will be able to request new additions at that point as well

Right then... Bad news.

We're a quarter through birds and finished with mammals and it's already taking up over 30 GB of my internal storage. I might try to finish it for now, but it won't be finished for a loooong while (I tried to make a website for it, to not have it in my storage, but I'd have to upload over 2000 images individually).

For now, send me a private message with a species list and I'll get it to you
 
Does anyone know whether there are any resources available on drive through safari-type exhibits, and on what species are suitable or unsuitable for such facilities?
 
Does anyone know whether there are any resources available on drive through safari-type exhibits, and on what species are suitable or unsuitable for such facilities?
There is some information about them in "An introduction to Zoo Biology and Management", which is linked in this thread on the first page, in the exhibit section. This leads me to believe that other general information about exhibit design would have this information. I'm sure there's more detailed information out there.
 
Since so many of you mention "be realistic", may I get to know what Marsupial species are considered as realistic in the aspect of zoos outside of Oceania. It looks like Tasmanian Devil and Wombats are not that realistic, are Eastern Quolls realistic if the fantasy zoo locates in Europe?
 
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