National Aquarium in Baltimore The National Aquarium in Baltimore Review and Species List - May 2024

Astrotom3000

Well-Known Member
10+ year member
Good day mates! I am finally back with another zoological facility review and species list after taking an unplanned break and also embarking on some more adventures that took me as far as the big apple itself. This is a review that I intended to get out earlier as it's been precisely 2 months since I visited this wonderful aquarium, but owing to a variety of reasons, I never got around to it. That said, 2 months isn't a terribly long time for changes to occur, so hopefully I'm not too late in the running here.

For this review, we will be tackling the National Aquarium in Baltimore. This is the last facility I visited on my early May roadtrip to Gettysburg and Maryland/Washington D.C, and my visit occurred on 05/10/2024.

Now, this is actually not my first time visiting this aquarium, although my last visit was over 20 years ago. Things were very different at the facility back then, with the most notable change in the interim being the opening of Australia: Wild Extremes. This is a facility that I have been wanting to revisit for a while, partly because of the aforementioned Australia exhibit.

This aquarium is located on the Inner Harbor, a section of the Port of Baltimore (which, for a few months earlier this year, unfortunately became the Boat Impoundment of Baltimore for.....reasons). The aquarium spans two piers; the Main Building, which includes the original aquarium building and the Australia pavilion, is located on Pier 3. The Dolphin Pavilion is located on Pier 4, and is connected to the Main Building via a 245ft covered bridge. In the waters between the two piers is an artificial harbor wetlands under construction by the aquarium, which is scheduled to open this August.

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The National Aquarium originally opened in 1981 as part of an effort to revitalize the Baltimore downtown area and waterfront. Despite no federal funds being used for its construction, it was nonetheless designated as the "National Aquarium" by the US Congress. The Pier 4 Dolphin Pavilion was added in 1990, and the Australia Pavilion, located on Pier 3, was opened in 2005.

Today, the Aquarium and its three distinct structures house over 350 species and hold more than 2.2 million gallons of water. The aquarium differs from other aquariums and is notable for the multi-level "tower" design of the Main Building, in which visitors traverse up and down as they explore the exhibits, its large and distinctive glass pavilions, and for its larger emphasis on freshwater environments compared to your typical aquarium (and these qualities make it something of a sister facility for the Tennessee Aquarium).

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Needless to say, this aquarium was an instant winner for me. On the day I visited, the aquarium was open 9am-9pm; I got their before opening and was the very first person through those doors and I spent the entire 12 hours inside the aquarium. And I enjoyed every moment of it. The National Aquarium could very well be the best aquarium I have visited, even possibly dethroning the Tennessee Aquarium (I may do a comparison at the beginning of this review due to how similar the 2 facilities are). This would put it at my number 2 favorite facility.

The aquarium features an excellent and interesting collection, with about 355 species based on what I noted. This collection does include many aquarium staples like sharks, tropical reef fish, crustaceans, octopus, and more, but it also includes some very rare or otherwise unorthodox species including a whole lineup of Australian freshwater turtles, many of which I don't think are exhibited elsewhere in the country, as well as various reptiles, amphibians, and even some flying tropical birds.

And it doesn't stop there; the aquarium's exhibitry is also very top-notch, with excellent landscaping in many parts of the aquarium, such as the Australia exhibit as well as the Upland Rainforest and Blacktip Reef exhibits. Even many of the smaller and individual exhibits are well furnished. There are a few weak spots here and there, but it's not enough to drag the aquarium down in my opinion.

Combine that with great operations (which include the aforementioned operating hours plus some decent dining) and I can quite comfortably say that this is a top 3 facility for me.

This review might be a bit lengthy, because there is quite a lot to cover here. Strap in folks, it's turtles all the way up (and sharks all the way down)!

To be Continued...

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That's a very bold opening, with you obviously falling in love with the aquarium. A 12-hour visit is remarkable and I'm now eagerly anticipating the rest of your review.

On a side note, my favourite thing about Baltimore is the TV series The Wire, which ran from 2002 to 2008 and covered 5 seasons and 60 episodes. I'm a huge movie buff and don't watch a lot of TV series, but I've sat through the entirety of The Wire twice. It's brilliant.
 
Part 1 - Pier 3 Pavilion, Levels 1-2
The first couple of parts for my review will cover the Pier 3 Pavilion, which serves as the aquarium's main building. This building contains 5 floors of exhibits and consists of one big loop that starts at the Blacktip Reef exhibit, winds its way all the to the top before descending back to ground level and ending back at the Blacktip Reef exhibit. You ascend up a series of escalators to each floor, which contain exhibits centered around a particular theme. This all takes place in a wide-open atrium; you can look down into the Blacktip Reef exhibit at any point. After you go through the Upload Tropical Rainforest at the apex, you then spiral downwards on the inside of 2 large tanks before you reach at the end at the bottom.

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This first part will cover the following exhibits;
  • Maryland Waterfall (technically located inside the Australia Pavilion) (Level 1)
  • Blacktip Reef (Level 1)
  • Maryland: Mountains to the Sea (Level 2)
Level 1 - Maryland Waterfall
The entrance to the aquarium is actually located at the base of the Australia Pavilion. As you enter, you take a path that takes you below an immense waterfall that feeds a deep pool. The waterfall is 35 feet high and is modeled after a real waterfall found in the Maryland uploads. The Australia exhibit is located above and beyond the falls (we will get into that later in the review), and the pool at the bottom houses fish native to Maryland. After you pass the waterfall, a set of doors will take you into the main Pier 3 pavilion

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This serves as a great introduction to the aquarium and showcases firsthand what you are in for when you first step inside. The waterfall is beautifully modeled and feels much taller than the pictures make it out to be (especially once you view it from above). The only drawback is that this exhibit is technically located outside the main admission point, so get the view while you can (although the aquarium does allow exit and re-entry).
  • Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)
  • Eastern Blacknose Dace (Rhinichthys atratulus)
  • Rosyside Dace (Clinostomus funduloides)
Level 1 - Blacktip Reef
This open-topped tank serves as the Pier 3 Pavilion's centerpiece exhibit. This is a large coral reef tank home to a variety of sharks, rays, and tropical fish. As you enter from the first level, you view the exhibit from above the water, and you can walk around most of the exhibit. This exhibit remains visible from above as you work your way up the levels in the aquarium, and at the very end of the loop, you will come up to the underwater viewing area.

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This is one of the better shark/coral reef exhibits that I have experienced. I was particularly fond of the variety of shallow and deep areas, which provided the various inhabitants with lots of room, hiding spaces, and different areas to spread to. The collection in the tank was also very eye-catching, particularly some of the absolutely huge stingrays that they keep in there. The underwater viewing area is also very well-designed, especially how it integrates with the large trench they landscaped into the tank.

(By the way, as I was putting this post together, I realized the Wobbegong here (Ornate) is a different species then the ones kept at the New York and Jenkinson's Aquariums (Spotted); so I am actually STILL missing this credit for the 2024 North American Challenge. Grrrrrrr)

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  • Blacktip Reef Shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)
  • Blotched Fantail Ray (Taeniurops meyeni)
  • Blue-green Chromis (Chromis viridis)
  • Bridled Monocle Bream (Scolopsis bilineata)
  • Christmas Wrasse (Thalassoma trilobatum)
  • Diamondfish (Monodactylus argenteus)
  • Emperor Angelfish (Pomacanthus imperator)
  • Giant Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)
  • Gilded Triggerfish (Xanthichthys auromarginatus)
  • Napoleon Wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus)
  • Orangeblotch Surgeonfish (Acanthurus olivaceus)
  • Oriental Sweetlips (Plectorhinchus vittatus)
  • Ornate Wobbegong (Orectolobus ornatus) (Not seen)
  • Pacific Sailfin Tang (Zebrasoma velifer)
  • Paletail Unicornfish (Naso brevirostris)
  • Palette Tang (Paracanthurus hepatus)
  • Reticulated Whipray (Himantura australis)
  • Round Batfish (Platax orbicularis)
  • Sailfin Snapper (Symphorichthys spilurus)
  • Titan Triggerfish (Balistoides viridescens)
  • Zebra Shark (Stegostoma tigrinum)
Level 2 - Maryland: Mountains to the Sea
We make our first ascent up the escalator from Blacktip Reef and we then reach level 2. This level is entirely comprised of the Maryland: Mountains to the Sea gallery. The four exhibits here each focus on Maryland's native aquatic wildlife and are themed to the journey of a river that starts in the Allegheny mountains before finding its way to the ocean. Each of the four exhibits aims showcases a specific habitat found in Maryland; the Allegheny Stream, a Chesapeake Marsh, Assateague Beach, and the Atlantic Shelf.

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I have a soft spot for native wildlife exhibits, especially ones that replicate freshwater habitats as I often find them interesting. Also, it really feels like zoos in the PA-NJ-NY area north of Maryland are sorely lacking in native wildlife exhibits, at least outside of aquariums. Mountains to the Sea is a nice set of exhibits that each shine a spotlight on various points of interest from across Maryland. I may not be a Maryland native or resident, but I am always interested to see what other states have to offer and how they compare to my current homeland of North Carolina. The habitats themselves are well done and house both familiar creatures as well as a few surprises.

Allegheny Stream
  • American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus)
  • Central Stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum)
  • Eastern Blacknose Dace (Rhinichthys atratulus)
  • Fantail Darter (Etheostoma flabellare)
  • Greenside Darter (Etheostoma blennioides)
  • Northern Hog Sucker (Hypentelium nigricans)
  • Rainbow Darter (Etheostoma caeruleum)
  • Rosyside Dace (Clinostomus funduloides)
  • Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta)
Chesapeake Marsh
  • Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus)
  • Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin)
  • Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)
  • Naked Goby (Gobiosoma bosc)
  • Sheepshead Minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus)
  • Skilletfish (Gobiesox strumosus)
  • Striped Blenny (Chasmodes bosquianus)
Assateague Beach
  • Atlantic Spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber)
  • Lookdown (Selene vomer)
  • Striped Burrfish (Chilomycterus schoepfii)
  • Tautog (Tautoga onitis)
  • White Mullet (Mugil curema)
Atlantic Shelf
  • Black Drum (Pogonias cromis)
  • Gag Grouper (Mycteroperca microlepis)
  • Oyster Toadfish (Opsanus tau)
  • Snowy Grouper (Hyporthodus niveatus)
  • Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus)
  • Tautog (Tautoga onitis)
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I was originally going to put the level 3 exhibits here, but one of the galleries there is quite extensive so I am actually moving that to the next part. Plus it's getting late here anyway.

To be continued...

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Part 2 - Pier 3 Pavilion, Level 3
After getting a nice taste of Maryland, we then ascend the escalator to the next floor. The escalators traverse through the central atrium, so you can look over the edge at Blacktip Reef below as you travel up the building.

This next part will cover the exhibits on level 3, which consist of the following galleries;
  • Living Seashore
  • Surviving Through Adaptation
Living Seashore
This is the first gallery you encounter as you disembark form the escalator. This area continues from where the Mountains to the Sea gallery left off and is themed after the Atlantic coast. This gallery contains touch tanks and aquariums featuring coastal organisms.

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The theming in this gallery is pretty nice, and there are some touch tanks here as well, including one that contains moon jellies, which I found rather interesting. Otherwise, there isn't really much to write home about in terms of species or exhibitry.
  • Flat-clawed Hermit Crab (Pagurus pollicaris)
  • Long-claw Hermit Crab (Pagurus longicarpus)
  • Thinstripe Hermit Crab (Clibanarius vittatus)
  • Atlantic Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus)
  • Atlantic Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus)
  • Atlantic Stingray (Hypanus sabinus)
  • Common Moon Jelly (Aurelia aurita)
  • Knobbed Whelk (Busycon carica)
  • Atlantic Spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber)
  • Orange Filefish (Aluterus schoepfii)
  • Planehead Filefish (Stephanolepis hispida)
  • Striped Burrfish (Chilomycterus schoepfii)
Surviving Through Adaptation
This gallery takes up the bulk of level 3 and is themed around the various adaptations and survival strategies that various fish and other aquatic life have evolved and adopted for their environment. Each exhibit focuses on a particular trait or lifestyle, and showcases animals that demonstrate these traits.

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Overall, this is a very interesting gallery with a wide variety of animals on display. The focus on different adaptations is a good means of showcasing wildly different species and, for the most, part I think the gallery does a good job at showing how diverse aquatic life is. The "Hiding" gallery in particular showed it off the best since those animals were definitely good at hiding (read; the tank was empty when I walked past it). There are some familiar and common species present, like Electric Eel or Pacific Giant Octopus, but you also have some more unorthodox species like Mudskippers (which thankfully count for the 2024 Global Zoochat Challenge), Africa freshwater fish, the odd-looking Pineapplefish, and a good lineup of Sturgeons and Gars, and even a softshell turtle, which is just the cherry on top of the aquarium's goated turtle collection.

Evolving - this tank shows how African lake fish evolved and diversified into various forms.
  • Blunthead Cichlid (Tropheus moorii) (Signed as Yellow IIangi Moori Cichlid)
  • Calvus Cichlid (Altolamprologus calvus)
  • Cuckoo Squeaker (Synodontis multipunctatus)
  • Hecqui Shell Dweller Cichlid (Lepidiolamprologus hecqui) (Signed under synonym Neolamprologus Hecqui)
  • Lemon Cichlid (Neolamprologus leleupi)
  • Slender Cichlid (Cyprichromis leptosoma) (Signed as Tricolor Cichlid)
Sturgeons and Gars - I actually forgot what this tank as actually called.
  • Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula)
  • Eastern Spiny Softshell (Apalone spinifera spinifera)
  • Longnose Gar (Lepisosteus osseus)
  • Pallid Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus)
  • Shortnose Gar (Lepisosteus platostomus)
  • Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus)
  • Spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)
Shocking - this tank showcases the unique abilities of the Electric Eel.
  • Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus)
Moving - these tanks show the different ways in which fish move through their environment.
  • Black Ghost Knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons)
  • Congo Tetra (Phenacogrammus interruptus)
  • Freshwater Butterflyfish (Pantodon buchholzi)
  • Golden Oto (Otocinclus affinis)
  • Rainbow Krib (Pelvicachromis pulcher)
  • Upside-down Catfish (Synodontis nigriventris)
  • Arc-eye Hawkfish (Paracirrhites arcatus)
  • Blacksaddle Toby (Canthigaster valentini)
  • Bristle-tail Leatherjacket (Acreichthys tomentosus)
  • Lemon Damsel (Pomacentrus moluccensis)
Feeding - these tanks showcase animals that all adopt different feeding strategies.
  • Arctic Green Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)
  • Blackeye Goby (Rhinogobiops nicholsii)
  • Blacksmith Chromis (Chromis punctipinnis)
  • Fish-eating Anemone (Urticina piscivora)
  • Giant California Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus)
  • Giant Green Anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica)
  • Giant Plumose Anemone (Metridium farcimen)
  • Grunt Sculpin (Rhamphocottus richardsonii)
  • Leafy Hornmouth (Ceratostoma foliatum)
  • Pacific Purple Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Painted Anemone (Urticina grebelnyi)
  • Penpoint Gunnel (Apodichthys flavidus)
  • Red Abalone (Haliotis rufescens)
  • Shiner Surfperch (Cymatogaster aggregata)
  • White-spotted Rose Anemone (Cribrinopsis albopunctata)
  • Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini)
Adapting - these smaller tanks show off some of the more niche or unusual adaptations that animals have adopted.
  • Atlantic Mudskipper (Periophthalmus barbarus)
  • Banded Coral Shrimp (Stenopus hispidus)
  • Goldentail Moray (Gymnothorax miliaris)
  • Sunburst Diving Beetle (Thermonectus marmoratus)
  • Unspecified Predaceous Diving Beetle (Dytiscidae spp.)
  • Blackfin Pearlfish (Argolebias nigripinnis)
  • Peacock Mantis Shrimp (Odontodactylus scyllarus)
  • Yellow Shrimpgoby (Cryptocentrus cinctus)
Lurking - this tank showcases smaller creatures and how they use the environment to hide and move unseen.
  • Blackcap Basslet (Gramma melacara)
  • Brown Chromis (Azurina multilineata)
  • Buffalo Trunkfish (Lactophrys trigonus)
  • Caribbean Bluehead Wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum)
  • Caribbean Sharpnose Puffer (Canthigaster rostrata)
  • Cherubfish (Centropyge argi)
  • Four-eyed Butterflyfish (Chaetodon capistratus)
  • Honeycomb Cowfish (Acanthostracion polygonium)
  • Purple Reeffish (Chromis scotti)
  • Red Grouper (Epinephelus morio)
  • Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto) (Signed as Fairy Basslet)
  • Spanish Hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
  • Spotfin Hogfish (Bodianus pulchellus)
  • Striped Burrfish (Chilomycterus schoepfii)
  • Yellowtail Damselfish (Microspathodon chrysurus)
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Hiding
- this tank showcases animals that hide or blend in with their environment.
  • Barred Moray (Echidna polyzona)
  • Dragon Moray (Enchelycore pardalis)
  • Goldentail Moray (Gymnothorax miliaris)
  • Reef Stonefish (Synanceia verrucosa)
Displaying - Rather than hide, these animals like to put on a show.
  • Blackback Anemonefish (Amphiprion melanopus)
  • Lagoon Triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) (Signed as Picasso Triggerfish)
  • Longnose Butterflyfish (Forcipiger longirostris)
  • Powder Blue Tang (Acanthurus leucosternon)
  • Raccoon Butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula)
  • Threadfin Butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga)
Building - this exhibit showcases corals, the communities they build, and the fish that live alongside them.
  • Blue Chromis (Azurina cyanea)
  • Brown Chromis (Azurina multilineata)
  • Caribbean Bluehead Wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum)
  • Clown Wrasse (Halichoeres maculipinna)
  • Corky Sea Finger (Briareum asbestinum)
  • Elkhorn Coral (Acropora palmata)
  • Finger Coral (Porites porites)
  • Molly Miller (Scartella cristata)
  • Mustard Hill Coral (Porites astreoides)
  • Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto) (Signed as Fairy Basslet)
  • Staghorn Coral (Acropora cervicornis)
  • Unspecified Long-spined Black Sea Urchin (Diadema spp.)
  • Yellowtail Damselfish (Microspathodon chrysurus)
Migrating - this tank simply features Striped Bass, a fish known for migrating between different environs.
  • Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)
Sensing - these animals rely on heightened senses to navigate their environments and find food.
  • Blackbar Soldierfish (Myripristis jacobus)
  • Dusky Squirrelfish (Neoniphon vexillarium) (Signed under synonym Sargocentron vexillarium)
  • Flamefish (Apogon maculatus)
  • Reef Squirrelfish (Neoniphon coruscum) (Signed under synonym Sargocentron coruscum)
  • Spanish Lobster (Scyllarides aequinoctialis) (Signed as Shovelnose Slipper Lobster)
  • Twospot Cardinalfish (Apogon pseudomaculatus)
  • Japanese Pineapplefish (Monocentris japonica)
  • Mexican Tetra (Astyanax mexicanus) (Signed as Blind Cavefish, Astyanax jordini)
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Yeah, that was quite a lot. The next part will take us to level 4 and beyond (maybe).

To Be Continued...

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Part 2 - Pier 3 Pavilion, Level 4
So I originally wanted to combine this with level 4 and when I remembered just how big the species lineup for level 3 was, I then intended on combining level 4 with the Upland Rainforest, but instead I am going to give level 4 its own post and move Upland Rainforest to the next part in order to help prevent these posts from becoming too bloated. Plus, it kind of works out better this way.

After traversing the extensive Surviving Through Adaptation, we ascend the next upwards escalator to level 4. This level offers several exhibits that put the focus back on specific environments. This also introduces us to the aquarium's extensive bird collection (assuming you didn't do Australia first like I did). After visiting the sea cliffs, the kelp forest, and the pacific coral reefs, we then end the level with one of the best displays in the aquarium; the amazon river forest.

This level consists of the following exhibits.
  • Sea Cliffs
  • Kelp Forest
  • Pacific Coral Reef
  • Amazon River Forest
Sea Cliffs
This exhibit recreates the seaside cliffs of the North Atlantic ocean and is home to a colony of sea birds. The exhibit features both above- and underwater viewing.

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As far as seabird exhibits go, this one is alright. I'd put it just below Georgia Aquarium's seabird exhibit (as I felt the latter had slightly more interesting landscaping) but above Bronx and Central Park Zoos (I didn't find their seabird exhibits to be all that great; will touch up on that in a future review). Nonetheless, this one is still good, decently sized, and has some good scenery. That said, of the 5 zoos/aquariums I have been to with seabird exhibits, North Carolina still handily takes the #1 spot with their excellent Rocky Coast complex.
  • Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica)
  • Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylle)
  • Razorbill (Alca torda)
Kelp Forest
The next tank depicts a pacific kelp forest. No strings attached

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Kelp forest tanks are always somewhat interesting to me as the central feature of these tanks, the large kelp strands, add a bit of dynamism to the display. Plus these exhibits always tend to have an interesting mix of colorful fish, sea stars, and even eels. This one is no different.
  • Bat Star (Patiria miniata)
  • Blacksmith Chromis (Chromis punctipinnis)
  • California Moray (Gymnothorax mordax)
  • Flag Rockfish (Sebastes rubrivinctus)
  • Garibaldi (Hypsypops rubicundus)
  • Giant Pink Sea Star (Pisaster brevispinus) (Signed as Short-spined Sea Star)
  • Horn Shark (Heterodontus francisci)
  • Leather Star (Dermasterias imbricata)
  • Ochre Sea Star (Pisaster ochraceus)
  • Rainbow Seaperch (Embiotoca caryi) (Signed under synonym Hypsurus caryi)
  • Rock Wrasse (Halichoeres semicinctus)
  • Striped Surfperch (Embiotoca lateralis) (Signed as Striped Seaperch)
  • Swellshark (Cephaloscyllium ventriosum)
  • Vermilion Rockfish (Sebastes miniatus)
  • Wolf Eel (Anarrhichthys ocellatus)
Pacific Coral Reef
Exactly what it says on the tin. Queue excited shouts of "LOOK, I FOUND NEMO!!!!"

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I know pacific coral reefs are pretty omnipresent and feature at almost every aquarium. But I honestly don't blame the aquariums for always showcasing these habitats. I always get a kick out of observing such a variety of colorful fish (and also mentally tallying up how many times I hear the words "Nemo" and "Dory"; you could make a drinking game out this). The National Aquarium's display is definitely a good one at that.
  • Azure Demoiselle (Chrysiptera hemicyanea)
  • Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni)
  • Black Longspine Urchin (Diadema setosum)
  • Blue-green Chromis (Chromis viridis)
  • Clark's Anemonefish (Amphiprion clarkii) (Unsigned)
  • Hawaiian Dascyllus (Dascyllus albisella)
  • Indian Sailfin Tang (Zebrasoma desjardinii) (Signed as Ringed Tang)
  • Japan Surgeonfish (Acanthurus japonicus)
  • Neon Damselfish (Pomacentrus coelestis)
  • Ocellaris Anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) (Signed as Clown Anemonefish)
  • Pajama Cardinalfish (Sphaeramia nematoptera)
  • Pink Skunk Anemonefish (Amphiprion perideraion)
  • Powder Blue Tang (Acanthurus leucosternon)
  • Pyramid Butterflyfish (Hemitaurichthys polylepis)
  • Striped Surgeonfish (Acanthurus lineatus) (Signed as Clown Surgeonfish)
  • Yellow Polyp (Hydrozoanthus gracilis)
  • Yellow Tang (Zebrasoma flavescens)
Amazon River Forest
This is the most extensive gallery on the 4th level, showcasing the myriad array of wildlife that inhabit the flooded forests and rivers of the Amazon basin. Unlike the previous exhibits on this level, this gallery consists of 5 separate displays.

The first 3 exhibits feature deep pools and showcase a variety of fish, turtles, and a caiman. The last 2 exhibits depict how the Amazon forests change between dry and wet seasons.

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Now we're talking! This is undoubtedly one of my favorite displays in the aquarium (well, besides the Australia pavilion, but we'll get to that masterpiece later). And it's not just because of all the turtles on display (ok, it's mainly because of the turtles), but also because I have always found freshwater environments to be more interesting than marine habitats and feel they are somewhat underrepresented in zoos and aquariums (there is a good reason why the National and Tennessee aquariums are my top 2 favorite aquariums).

Sure, the Amazon River is very well represented in zoos and especially aquariums, but few facilities have such a loaded lineup as that of the National Aquarium, between their six turtle species (which, oddly enough, don't include the Mata Mata, but that's ok considering that's probably the most common South American freshwater turtle I've seen in collections), multiple species of catfish, lots of smaller and colorful fish, and even a dwarf caiman for good measure. Add in some amazing landscaping and this exhibit is probably my new favorite Amazon display.

River Tanks
  • Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) (Signed as Common Pleco)
  • Banded Leporinus (Leporinus fasciatus)
  • Big-headed Amazon River Turtle (Peltocephalus dumerilianus)
  • Cotinga River Toadhead Turtle (Phrynops tuberosus) (Signed as Guyana Side-necked Turtle)
  • Giant South American Turtle (Podocnemis expansa)
  • Gibba Toad-headed Turtle (Mesoclemmys gibba) (Signed as Big-headed Turtle)
  • Green Severum Cichlid (Heros efasciatus) (Signed as Common Serverum Cichlid)
  • Highfin Spotted Plecostomus (Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps) (Signed as Sailfin Pleco)
  • Leopard Cactus Pleco (Pseudacanthicus leopardus)
  • Raphael Catfish (Platydoras costatus)
  • Red-bellied Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) (Signed as Pirapitinga)
  • Red-headed Amazon River Turtle (Podocnemis erythrocephala)
  • Redhook Pacu (Myloplus rubripinnis)
  • Ripsaw Catfish (Oxydoras niger)
  • Silver Arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum)
  • Silver Dollar (Metynnis argenteus)
  • Silver Prochilodus (Semaprochilodus taeniurus)
  • Xingu River Ray (Potamotrygon leopoldi) (Signed as White-blotched River Stingray)
  • Yellow-headed Sideneck (Podocnemis unifilis) (Signed as Yellow-spotted Amazon River Turtle)
  • Zebra Shovelnose Catfish (Brachyplatystoma tigrinum)
  • Big-headed Amazon River Turtle (Peltocephalus dumerilianus)
  • Giant Talking Catfish (Megalodoras uranoscopus)
  • Leopard Cactus Pleco (Pseudacanthicus leopardus)
  • Lyre-tail Pleco (Acanthicus hystrix)
  • Redtail Catfish (Phractocephalus hemioliopterus)
  • Colombian Tetra (Hyphessobrycon columbianus)
  • Freshwater Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare)
  • Giant South American Turtle (Podocnemis expansa)
  • Red-bellied Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) (Signed as Pirapitinga)
  • Ripsaw Catfish (Oxydoras niger)
  • Royal Panaque (Panaque nigrolineatus)
  • Schneider's Dwarf Caiman (Paleosuchus trigonatus) (Signed as Smooth-fronted Caiman)
  • Xingu River Ray (Potamotrygon leopoldi) (Signed as White-blotched River Stingray)
  • Yellow-headed Sideneck (Podocnemis unifilis) (Signed as Yellow-spotted Amazon River Turtle)
Seasons of High and Low Water
  • Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) (Signed as Common Pleco)
  • Beckford Pencilfish (Nannostomus beckfordi) (Signed as Golden Pencilfish)
  • Cardinal Tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi)
  • Common Hatchetfish (Gasteropelecus sternicla) (Signed as River Hatchetfish)
  • Rummy-nose Tetra (Petitella rhodostoma)
  • Sunshine Pleco (Scobinancistrus aureatus)
  • Unspecified Corydoras Catfish (Corydoras spp.)
  • Whiptail Catfish (Farlowella acus)
  • Emerald Tree Boa (Corallus caninus)
  • Sabana Surinam Toad (Pipa parva)
  • Splashback Poison Frog (Adelphobates galactonotus)
  • Waxy Monkey Treefrog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) (Signed as Giant Waxy Tree Frog)
To Be Continued...

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I'm glad that you enjoyed NAiB - once one of the premiere aquariums of the country, though these days it tends to have been nudged out of the top tier of most renown aquariums (the trifecta now being Monterey, Shedd, and Georgia). Amazon River Forest was always a favorite of mine - when it opened, green anaconda was the flagship species and they had a massive, wild born specimen on display, though they haven't had the species for many years.
 
Part 2 - Pier 3 Pavilion, The Upland Rain Forest
After completing our tour of the level 4 exhibits, we ascend up just one more escalator. We have finally made it to the top. This top level are located just underneath the large glass pyramidal roof that is a defining feature of the aquarium, and consists of the following exhibits.
  • Upland Tropical Rain Forest
  • Hidden Life
Upland Tropical Rain Forest
After you ascend the escalator up to the top level, you suddenly fine yourself immersive in the under story of a rain forest. This exhibit features an indoor rain forest under a glass roof that showcases wildlife from the amazon basin. The pathway snakes its way through the forest, past cliffs, waterfalls, rivers, towering trees, and plenty of sights. There is also an elevated observation deck in one of the corners, providing sweeping views of the exhibit. This area is also a free-flight aviary, with a variety of birds and even sloths roaming throughout the forest. There are also a handful of exhibits up here with fish and turtles.

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This is probably one of my favorite indoor rain forest exhibits. The exhibit is very big and tall, providing a ton of space for the birds and sloths to roam. Given that the exhibit is also fairly densely planted, this makes finding all the birds and even the sloths a legitimate challenge, but then again, this is just like how it is in the wild, so that really adds to the immersion. The landscaping is also on point. The species lineup here is also very solid; you have familiar species like piranhas, the ever omnipresent Scarlet Ibis, and the sloths themselves, but I also saw some less common species like Screaming Pihas or Boat-billed Herons. Having free-roaming mammals up here is also something I don't see a lot. The sloths were very active as well; I watched one cross the entire width of the exhibit. I must have spent several hours collectively up here during my 12 hour stay.

I believe I read somewhere that there may now be tamarins up here? I saw no signage or the animals themselves, so I am leaving them off.

Free-roaming
  • Bay-headed Tanager (Tangara gyrola)
  • Blue-and-yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna) (Unsigned)
  • Blue-gray Tanager (Thraupis episcopus)
  • Blue-headed Parrot (Pionus menstruus)
  • Boat-billed Heron (Cochlearius cochlearius)
  • Green-and-gold Tanager (Tangara schrankii)
  • Linnaeus's Two-toed Sloth (Choloepus didactylus)
  • Paradise Tanager (Tangara chilensis)
  • Phantasmal Poison Frog (Epipedobates tricolor) (Signed as Tricolor Poison Dart Frog)
  • Red-capped Cardinal (Paroaria gularis)
  • Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber)
  • Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao) (Unsigned)
  • Screaming Piha (Lipaugus vociferans)
  • Silver-beaked Tanager (Ramphocelus carbo)
  • Spotted Toad (Rhaebo guttatus) (Signed as Smooth-sided Toad)
  • Sun Parakeet (Aratinga solstitialis)
  • Sunbittern (Eurypyga helias)
  • Turquoise Tanager (Tangara mexicana)
  • Yellow-headed Parrot (Amazona oratrix)
  • Yellow-rumped Cacique (Cacicus cela)
Open-top aquarium under a cliff near the starting point
  • Emperor Tetra (Nematobrycon palmeri)
  • Marbled Headstander (Abramites hypselonotus)
  • Redbelly Piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri)
Open-air enclosure on the elevated observation deck
  • Brazilian Giant Tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulatus) (Signed as Yellow-footed Tortoise)
  • Central American Wood Turtle (Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima manni)
Pool at the base of the waterfall past the observation deck
  • Hilaire's Side-necked Turtle (Phrynops hilarii) (Signed as Spot-bellied Side-necked Turtle)
Hidden Life
After traversing the upland rain forest, you enter a cave opening that takes you into a gallery with several terrariums. This exhibit focuses on poison dart frogs. This is the last exhibit you tour before you take the escalator back down.

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This is a decent gallery. I know poison dart frogs are really common in zoos (in fact, they are the most common amphibians I encounter in collections). But I always like seeing a variety of different species being displayed because of how colorful and variable they are.
  • Panamanian Golden Frog (Atelopus zeteki)
  • Dyeing Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates tinctorius)
  • Yellow-headed Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates leucomelas)
  • Golfo Dulce Poison Dart Frog (Phyllobates vittatus) (Unsigned)
  • Green-and-black Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates auratus)
  • Dyeing Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates tinctorius)
  • Black-legged Poison Frog (Phyllobates bicolor) (Signed as Bicolored Poison Dart Frog)
  • Golden Poison Dart Frog (Phyllobates terribilis) (Signed as Terrible Poison Dart Frog)
  • Harlequin Poison Frog (Oophaga histrionica)
  • Yellow-striped Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates truncatus)
  • Green-and-black Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates auratus)
  • Strawberry Poison Dart Frog (Oophaga pumilio)
  • Anthony's Poison Arrow Frog (Epipedobates anthonyi)
  • Imitating Poison Frog (Ranitomeya imitator)
  • Yellow-headed Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates leucomelas)
And that concludes our ascent up the aquarium's main pavilion. We reached the top, and we now being the long spiraling journey back down to level 1. Unlike the upward ascent, the descent considers of just a single gallery with 2 large exhibits, so we will be covering all of that in the next part.

To Be Continued...

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I'm glad that you enjoyed NAiB - once one of the premiere aquariums of the country, though these days it tends to have been nudged out of the top tier of most renown aquariums (the trifecta now being Monterey, Shedd, and Georgia). Amazon River Forest was always a favorite of mine - when it opened, green anaconda was the flagship species and they had a massive, wild born specimen on display, though they haven't had the species for many years.

Just to add as well - the exhibit opened with pigmy marmosets and a few species of tanagers. The tanagers never thrived and were quickly removed. The marmosets on the other hand did quite well and eventually aged out of the exhibit around the late 2000s.
 
Part 5 - Pier 3 Pavilion, The Downward Spiral
(Just realized parts 3 and 4 were mislabeled as part 2. Whoops)

After finishing our ascent up the upland tropical rain forest and seeing the hidden wonders of poison dart frogs, we now start heading downwards back to ground level. Unlike the ascent upwards, which took us through a multitude of different galleries, the descent instead has us spiraling downwards, via ramps, while being completely encircled by two large tanks (Atlantic Coral Reef and Shark Alley), one on top of the other.

This gallery consists of 2 large oval tanks, one on top of the other, that are "hollowed out" in the center, where you descend via a series of spiraling ramps. The viewing windows are continuous, so you are always surrounded by water and fish. After you pass the Atlantic Coral Reef, there is a "gap" before you end up at the viewing windows for shark alley. This is presumably where the keeper access.

At the very bottom, we come to the underwater viewing of Blacktip Reef. Afterwards, an upward escalator takes us back to where we began in part 1, and thus completing the Pier 3 pavilion.

This part will include the following exhibits;
  • Atlantic Coral Reef
  • Shark Alley
Since both exhibits are pretty much identical other than species lineup, I will group both exhibits together.

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I thought these exhibits were just alright. I am honestly not too much of a fan of the "racetrack" style of tank design employed here. It feels like the tanks are not wide enough (of course, they may only appear that way). I am a bigger fan of the more traditional "large/open tank" design that is the norm for these kinds of exhibits. That said, the tanks are deep and well-furnished, so I didn't really dislike them either. The collection here is nice and varied, even if it's also somewhat run-of-the-mill.

Atlantic Coral Reef
  • Atlantic Blue Tang (Acanthurus coeruleus)
  • Atlantic Creolefish (Paranthias furcifer)
  • Atlantic Sergeant Major (Abudefduf saxatilis)
  • Atlantic Spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber)
  • Atlantic Tarpon (Megalops atlanticus)
  • Bar Jack (Caranx ruber)
  • Barred Hamlet (Hypoplectrus puella)
  • Black Triggerfish (Melichthys niger) (Signed as Black Durgeon)
  • Blacknose Shark (Carcharhinus acronotus)(Unsigned)
  • Blue Angelfish (Holacanthus bermudensis)
  • Blue Hamlet (Hypoplectrus gemma)
  • Brown Chromis (Azurina multilineata)
  • Caribbean Ocean Surgeonfish (Acanthurus tractus)
  • Creole Wrasse (Bodianus parrae) (Signed under synonym Clepticus parrae)
  • Doctorfish (Acanthurus chirurgus)
  • Dusky Squirrelfish (Neoniphon vexillarium) (Signed under synonym Sargocentron vexillarium)
  • Four-eyed Butterflyfish (Chaetodon capistratus)
  • French Angelfish (Pomacanthus paru)
  • French Grunt (Haemulon flavolineatum)
  • Graysby (Cephalopholis cruentata)
  • Green Moray (Gymnothorax funebris)
  • Grey Angelfish (Pomacanthus arcuatus)
  • Highhat (Pareques acuminatus)
  • Jackknife Fish (Eques lanceolatus)
  • Longspine Squirrelfish (Holocentrus rufus)
  • Lookdown (Selene vomer)
  • Mahogany Snapper (Lutjanus mahogoni)
  • Porkfish (Anisotremus virginicus)
  • Queen Angelfish (Holacanthus ciliaris)
  • Queen Triggerfish (Balistes vetula)
  • Sand Tilefish (Malacanthus plumieri)
  • Sargassum Triggerfish (Xanthichthys ringens)
  • Saucereye Porgy (Calamus calamus)
  • Smallmouth Grunt (Brachygenys chrysargyrea)
  • Southern Stingray (Hypanus americanus) (Unsigned)
  • Spanish Grunt (Haemulon macrostoma)
  • Spanish Hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
  • Spotfin Butterflyfish (Chaetodon ocellatus)
  • Spotted Drum (Eques punctatus)
  • Whitespotted Filefish (Cantherhines macrocerus)
Shark Alley
  • Atlantic Crevalle Jack (Caranx hippos)
  • Common Sawfish (Pristis pristis) (Signed as Largetooth Sawfish)
  • Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum)
  • Roughtail Stingray (Bathytoshia centroura) (Unsigned)
  • Sand Tiger Shark (Carcharias taurus)
  • Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus)
And that concludes our tour through the main Pier 3 pavilion. But we are not done yet! We still have the other two pavilions to cover. The next part will focus on the Pier 4 Pavilion, while the last part will shine the spotlight on the Australia/Glass Pavilion (saving the best for last).

To be Continued...

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Part 6 - Pier 4 Pavilion

Now that the Pier 3 Pavilion has been fully covered, this part will focus on the Pier 4 Pavilion. This structure opened in 1990 and is accessed from the main Pier 3 Pavilion via a 245ft covered bridge. In the water between the 2 piers is the aquarium's new Harbor Wetlands, scheduled to open next month (although a pair of river otters already taking up residence at the pier beg to differ). The pavilion is home to just two exhibit galleries, with the Dolphin exhibit taking up the bulk of the space. The pavilion also features its own food court. Like the main pavilion, it sports a prominent glass pyramidal roof.

This part will cover the following exhibits;
  • Dolphin Discovery
  • Jellies Invasion: Oceans Out of Balance
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Dolphin Discovery
This large exhibit takes up the bulk of the Pier 4 Pavilion. Home to the aquarium's dolphins, the exhibit is essentially an indoor stadium with a large primary pool and several smaller secondary pools. The pools feature both above- and underwater viewing. However, you cannot go up to the glass in the main hall. A pair of stairs takes you to the lower level, where there is additional underwater viewing.

The aquarium had previously used this facility to host dolphin shows, but this is no longer the case. Additionally, the aquarium will be discontinuing this exhibit in the near future as the dolphins will be moved out to a sanctuary. Plans also call for the space to be converted into a multi-exhibit complex with a looping pathway similar to the Pier 3 Pavilion. The revamped pavilion would focus on Chesapeake Bay (which would render the current Maryland: Mountains to the Sea gallery redundant, so hopefully they replace that with something interesting).

You can find more details in this thread by @NAIB Volunteer.

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In my opinion, this is the weakest exhibit in the aquarium. With the dolphin shows long gone, there isn't really much going on here. Signage and displays are fairly minimal here, and while the dolphins were active, there just wasn't much here to hold my attention. Also, the dolphin tank is completely barren, although this is likely a consequence of the exhibit being designed to host performances. Overall, it just feels like a waste of space at this point.

That said, given that the aquarium appears to be working on phasing out this exhibit, I am really excited to see what happens next. Per the thread linked above, it looks like they currently plan on converting the Pier 4 Pavilion into an all-encompassing Chesapeake Bay exhibit complex. This sounds really cool, but the aquarium already has an exhibit in the Pier 3 Pavilion focusing on this. Prior to me discovering that info, I thought the Pier 4 Pavilion would make a really awesome Caribbean Sea exhibit; the dolphin pool could be revamped to house manatees and they could also convert the space into a flight zone for birds, similar to the Upland Rain Forest. That said, the actual plan still sounds interesting, and if they can pull it off somewhat like what the Tennessee Aquarium does with their own native exhibits, I could see this being an instant winner.
  • Common Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
Jellies Invasion: Oceans Out of Balance
This exhibit focuses entirely on Jellyfish, showcasing their varied forms, their lifestyles, and how some species have become invasive in parts of the world outside their own native range. Unlike other parts of the aquarium, this gallery utilizes scrolling analog signage. The exhibit is accessed near the Pier 4 Canteen.

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I am not the biggest fan of jellyfish, but this is an interesting gallery nonetheless thanks to the variety of species on display here, from the common and familiar like Moon Jellies or Sea Nettles to the odd-looking Egg Yolk or Blue Blubber Jellies. My main complaint here is the scrolling signage, which can be somewhat disruptive when trying to identify the species or read about them.
  • Pacific Sea Nettle (Chrysaora fuscescens)
  • Papuan Spotted Jelly (Mastigias papua) (Signed as Spotted Lagoon Jelly)
  • Egg-yolk Jelly (Phacellophora camtschatica)
  • Blue Blubber Jelly (Catostylus mosaicus)
  • Lion's Mane Jelly (Cyanea capillata)
  • Japanese Sea Nettle (Chrysaora pacifica)
  • Upside-down Jelly (Cassiopea xamachana)
  • Common Moon Jelly (Aurelia aurita)
  • Bay Nettle (Chrysaora chesapeakei)
And that's all for the Pier 4 Pavilion. There will be one more part, covering the Australia Pavilion, before we finally wrap this review and overview up.

To Be Continued...

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Part 7 - Australia/Glass Pavilion
This last part (before the usual conclusion and closing remarks) will focus on the last of the 3 big pavilions that make up the aquarium; the Australia/Glass Pavilion.

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This pavilion first opened in 2005 and consists of a very large glass-sided, cube-shaped pavilion where the intricate landscape is easily visible from the outside. This pavilion also contains the actual entrance to the aquarium, although the actual Australia exhibit is accessed from the Pier 3 Pavilion. This entire pavilion is dedicated to just one exhibit; Australia: Wild Extremes.

Australia: Wild Extremes
This exhibit takes up the entirety of the Glass Pavilion and is dedicated to the wildlife of Australia. The exhibit recreates the Umbrawarra Gorge in Australia's Northern Territory and depicts the extremes faced by Australia's landscapes and wildlife; fire, flood, and drought. Visitors walk among towering cliffs, rockwork, and trees where a wild variety of wildlife can be seen. Most of the animals are contained in individual exhibits, but the exhibit also doubles as a free-flight aviary, where various birds can be seen flying overhead (it should be noted that the flight zone does not comprise the entire pavilion, but it does make up a significant portion of it; you can see the horizontal lattice structure that supports the netting in the picture above).

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Visitors enter the exhibit by ascending an escalator from the Pier 3 Pavilion. At first, visitors will be on an elevated, cliffside pathway that overlooks the entrance to the aquarium and features a bridge that passes over the large waterfall from part 1. This pathway contains 4 terrariums contain various small animals. After the python exhibit, a revolving door takes visitors into the main gallery, where the free-flight birds live. A second revolving door at the end of the path concludes the exhibit.

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It's probably no secret if you've been following this review or read my previous reviews, but this is not only my favorite exhibit in the aquarium, but it's also one of my favorite exhibits of all time, period. Everything about this exhibit from the design, the landscaping, the theming, the atmosphere, and the educational material is masterfully executed. The landscaping especially is impressive given the scale of everything; the cliffs and gorges are absolutely huge and just tower above everything. And the birds have access to a huge area here, to the point where they can actually be hard to spot.

As if that weren't enough, it's the collection that really seals the deal. This exhibit has one of the most unique collections of wildlife not just in an aquarium, but in an zoological facility. You have a whole bunch of rare and unique Australian wildlife like crocodiles, monitor lizards, pythons, crayfish, and such, but it's the turtle collection that ultimately won me over. There are 12 species of turtles exhibited here, only 4 of which I've seen at other facilities (I have visited 52 zoological collections at this point). Seeing so many unique turtle species in one place was like heaven for me.

The fish collection was also a highlight, since Australian freshwater fish are otherwise universally ignored elsewhere (outside of Tennessee Aquarium, but even they only had Barramundis and Freshwater Whiprays to show for it). This aquarium, on the other had, has a whole bunch of different species on display, including the very impressive Australian Lungfish (which was way larger than I imagined; West African and South American Lungfish are tiny by comparison).

Everything about this exhibit blew me away, and I must have spent a collective 3 hours just in this gallery during my 12-hour stay.

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Outer Path
  • Plains Death Adder (Acanthophis hawkei)
  • Centralian Rough Knob-tailed Gecko (Nephrurus amyae)
  • Common Bluetongue (Tiliqua scincoides)
  • Hosmer's Spiny-tailed Skink (Egernia hosmeri)
  • Ridge-tailed Monitor (Varanus acanthurus)
  • Shingleback (Tiliqua rugosa) (Unsigned)
  • Spotted Blue Eye (Pseudomugil gertrudae)
  • Woma Python (Aspidites ramsayi)
Flight Zone - Free-flying
  • Blue-faced Honeyeater (Entomyzon cyanotis)
  • Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)
  • Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)
  • Coconut Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus)
  • Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius)
  • Fawn-breasted Bowerbird (Chlamydera cerviniventris)
  • Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae)
  • Masked Lapwing (Vanellus miles)
  • Mulga Parrot (Psephotellus varius)
  • Pied Imperial Pigeon (Ducula bicolor)
  • Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus)
Flight Zone - Exhibits
  • Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri)
  • Banded Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia trifasciata)
  • Barramundi (Lates calcarifer)
  • Blue Salmon Catfish (Neoarius graeffei)
  • Broad-shelled Turtle (Chelodina expansa)
  • Irwin's Snapping Turtle (Elseya irwini)
  • Kimberley Snake-necked Turtle (Chelodina walloyarrina)
  • Mary River Turtle (Elusor macrurus)
  • Pig-nosed Turtle (Carettochelys insculpta)
  • Silver Cobbler (Neoarius midgleyi)
  • Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) (Signed as Yabby)
  • Banded Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia trifasciata)
  • Hyrtl's Catfish (Neosilurus hyrtlii)
  • Mary River Turtle (Elusor macrurus)
  • Northern Australian Snapping Turtle (Elseya dentata)
  • Sharpnose Grunter (Syncomistes butleri) (Signed as Butler's Grunter)
  • Victoria Short-necked Turtle (Emydura victoriae) (Signed as Northern Red-faced Turtle)
  • Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri)
  • Black Catfish (Neosilurus ater)
  • Eastern Saw-shelled Turtle (Myuchelys latisternum)
  • Freshwater Longtom (Strongylura krefftii)
  • Northern Saratoga (Scleropages jardinii) (Signed as Gulf Saratoga)
  • Pig-nosed Turtle (Carettochelys insculpta)
  • Red-bellied Short-necked Turtle (Emydura subglobosa)
  • Sooty Grunter (Hephaestus fuliginosus)
  • Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus)
  • Toothless Catfish (Anodontiglanis dahli)
  • Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) (Signed as Yabby)
  • Broad-shelled Turtle (Chelodina expansa)
  • Darwin Snake-necked Turtle (Chelodina kurrichalpongo)
  • Eastern Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia splendida splendida)
  • Freshwater Crocodile (Crocodylus johnstoni)
  • Northern Yellow-faced Turtle (Emydura tanybaraga)
  • Victoria Short-necked Turtle (Emydura victoriae) (Signed as Northern Red-faced Turtle)
  • White-throated Snapping Turtle (Elseya albagula) (Signed as Southern Snapping Turtle)
  • Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) (Signed as Yabby)
  • Carpet Python (Morelia spilota) (Unseen)
  • Water Python (Liasis fuscus)
  • Western Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia australis)
  • Australian Red Claw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) (Signed as Yabby)
  • Kimberley Snake-necked Turtle (Chelodina walloyarrina)
  • Mertens' Water Monitor (Varanus mertensi)
  • Banded Archerfish (Toxotes jaculatrix)
  • Black Catfish (Neosilurus ater)
  • Kimberley Snake-necked Turtle (Chelodina walloyarrina)
  • Pig-nosed Turtle (Carettochelys insculpta)
  • Spotted Archerfish (Toxotes chatareus)
  • Victoria Short-necked Turtle (Emydura victoriae) (Signed as Northern Red-faced Turtle)
And that concludes the last of the pavilions and exhibits for the National Aquarium. The last part of the review will serve as a conclusion and overall closing remarks.

To be Concluded...

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Everything about this exhibit from the design, the landscaping, the theming, the atmosphere, and the educational material is masterfully executed. The landscaping especially is impressive given the scale of everything; the cliffs and gorges are absolutely huge and just tower above everything. And the birds have access to a huge area here, to the point where they can actually be hard to spot.

The exhibit is certainly impressive for guests, but continually proves to be difficult for staff to maintain and service. This is especially true for the aviculturists who struggle to maintain groups of exotic birds that can be both viewable to guests, considering the exhibit is three stories tall, and can stay safe from the open water exhibits. The CEO initially ruffled feathers when he first started, as he found the exhibit to be a tremendous waste of space and wanted it replaced. In a way, you can see his point: a relatively new building that's nearly the same square footage as the original Pier 3 building, yet holds less than 10% of the Aquarium's animals and water volume.

The exhibit has also lost a considerable number of species within the collection: gray-headed flying foxes, flocks of Gouldian, black-throated, and star finches, mulga, galah, sulfur crested, and Australian king parrots, Northern rosellas, and three species of pigeons used to fly around. They've all since passed, were deemed too difficult to keep long term, or replace given the difficulty in acquiring Australian animals.

All that to say is Australia: Wild Extremes was/is a daring exhibit and certainly deserves its 2008 AZA Exhibit of the Year Award. But how well it has aged and what the future holds for it's collection remains a debate in my opinion.

The fish collection was also a highlight, since Australian freshwater fish are otherwise universally ignored elsewhere (outside of Tennessee Aquarium, but even they only had Barramundis and Freshwater Whiprays to show for it). This aquarium, on the other had, has a whole bunch of different species on display, including the very impressive Australian Lungfish (which was way larger than I imagined; West African and South American Lungfish are tiny by comparison).

The two species mentioned at Tennessee Aquarium are in fact the same former residents from Baltimore - they got too big for the main tank and moved to Chattanooga. The stingrays were deemed a phase out because of their size, but the barramundis were replaced by smaller individuals.

As for the Australian lungfish, the Aquarium has 11 total in two exhibits which makes them the largest holder of this species at any Aquarium outside of Australia. Two fun facts for you!
 
Conclusion and Closing Remarks
There's no two ways about it. The National Aquarium is awesome. From its amazing collection that features both familiar and rare species, to its (mostly) excellent exhibit design, including two major indoor ecosystems, to its excellent operations, there's very little for me to complain about here (my only real complaints being directed towards the Pier 4 Pavilion, but that's on its way to a future transformation). Oh, and the turtles. Can't forget about the turtles. This is a fantastic facility all around.

I am heavily debating with myself on whether this or Chattanooga takes the crown as my favorite aquarium. Earlier in this review, I may have stated that NAiB was the #1 aquarium pick guaranteed, but as I wrap up this review, I actually am not so sure. Both facilities are excellent and highly unique. I never actually did a review for the Tennessee Aquarium, and while I did compile a species list from my visit back in 2022, the aquarium has since replaced one of their exhibits with a new installment. @Crotalus has since posted a more recent and up-to-date species list.

I may actually dedicate a post in this thread to comparing both aquariums, as they are very similar in many ways (from the architecture to the interior designs to the collections). Maybe this will finally help me decide which aquarium gets the top spot.

Now it's time for the species breakdown. Also, I forgot to include this in my opening post, but I also compiled a species list on iNaturalist which you can find here -> [VISIT] National Aquarium in Baltimore Species List - 2024/05/10.

Do note that some species names might be different from what you see in the aquarium (I tried to note every instance of this in my review where it wasn't obvious).

Total Species Count - 357

  • Butterflyfishes, Angelfishes, and Allies (Order Acanthuriformes) - 43
  • Blennies, Damselfishes and Allies (Order Blenniiformes) - 24
  • Catfishes (Order Siluriformes) - 21
  • Perch-like Fishes (Order Perciformes) - 17
  • Characins (Order Characiformes) - 15
  • Puffers and Filefishes (Order Tetraodontiformes) - 15
  • Cichlids and Allies (Order Cichliformes) - 9
  • Wrasses and Allies (Order Labriformes) - 9
  • Gobies, Cardinalfishes and Allies (Order Gobiiformes) - 8
  • Jacks, Flounders, Barracudas, and Allies (Order Carangiformes) - 7
  • True Eels (Order Anguilliformes) - 5
  • Gars (Order Lepisosteiformes) - 4
  • Minnows, Suckers, Carps, and Loaches (Order Cypriniformes) - 4
  • Rivulines, Killifishes, and Livebearers (Order Cyprinodontiformes) - 4
  • Sawbellies and Squirrelfishes (Order Beryciformes) - 4
  • Silversides (Order Atheriniformes) - 4
  • Bonytongues (Order Osteoglossiformes) - 3
  • Freshwater Sunfishes, Grunters, and Allies (Order Centrarchiformes) - 3
  • Neotropical Knifefishes (Order Gymnotiformes) - 2
  • Sturgeons and Paddlefishes (Order Acipenseriformes) - 2
  • Lanterneyes, Fangtooths and Allies (Order Trachichthyiformes) - 1
  • Mullets and Glassfishes (Order Mugiliformes) - 1
  • Needlefishes, Halfbeaks, and Allies (Order Beloniformes) - 1
  • Salmons, Pikes and Mudminnows (Order Salmoniformes) - 1
  • Tarpons and Tenpounders (Order Elopiformes) - 1
  • Toadfishes (Order Batrachoidiformes) - 1
  • Turtles and Tortoises (Order Testudines) - 24
  • Lizards (Suborder Sauria) - 6
  • Snakes (Suborder Serpentes) - 5
  • Crocodilians (Order Crocodylia) - 2
  • Parrots (Order Psittaciformes) - 11
  • Perching Birds (Order Passeriformes) - 11
  • Shorebirds and Allies (Order Charadriiformes) - 4
  • Pelicans, Herons, Ibises, and Allies (Order Pelecaniformes) - 2
  • Kagu and Sunbittern (Order Eurypygiformes) - 1
  • Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, Rollers and Allies (Order Coraciiformes) - 1
  • Pigeons and Doves (Order Columbiformes) - 1
  • Frogs and Toads (Order Anura) - 18
  • Stingrays (Order Myliobatiformes) - 6
  • Ground Sharks (Order Carcharhiniformes) - 4
  • Carpet Sharks (Order Orectolobiformes) - 3
  • Mackerel Sharks (Order Lamniformes) - 1
  • Bullhead Sharks (Order Heterodontiformes) - 1
  • Shovelnose Rays (Order Rhinopristiformes) - 1
  • Sea Anemones (Order Actiniaria) - 5
  • Stony Corals (Order Scleractinia) - 4
  • Scleralcyonaceans (Order Scleralcyonacea) - 1
  • Zoantharians (Order Zoantharia) - 1
  • Flag-mouth Jellies (Order Semaeostomeae) - 6
  • Root-mouth Jellies (Order Rhizostomeae) - 3
  • Decapods (Order Decapoda) - 6
  • Mantis Shrimps (Order Stomatopoda) - 1
  • Forcipulatidan Sea Stars (Order Forcipulatida) - 2
  • Valvatidan Sea Stars (Order Valvatida) - 2
  • Order Camarodonta - 2
  • Order Diadematoida - 2
  • Order Neogastropoda - 2
  • Order Lepetellida - 1
  • Beetles (Order Coleoptera) - 2
  • Even-toed Ungulates and Cetaceans (Order Artiodactyla) - 1
  • Sloths and Anteaters (Order Pilosa) - 1
  • Octopuses (Order Octopoda) - 1
  • Horseshoe Crabs (Order Xiphosurida) - 1
  • Lungfishes (Order Ceratodontiformes) - 1
  • Order Synallactida - 1

With 357 species, this is the most species-rich facility I have done a review and list for, as well as the 3rd most species-rich facility I have visited overall. Chattanooga ranks 2nd with 416 species (although that total has likely changed since they replaced one of their exhibits after my last visit) and another facility I will be doing a review and list for in the near future has both beat with 484 species!

Fish obviously reign supreme here, so no point of commenting on that. Reptiles clock in at 2nd place with 37 species. On the one hand, that's only about half of Chattanooga's monstrous (for an aquarium) 69 species (although that includes the turtle nursery). Despite this, there's actually very little overlap between the 2 facilities. The reptile collection is nonetheless very excellent and unique, especially regarding the turtles. Birds come in 3rd at 31 species, and the aquarium boasts a much more robust lineup of birds than what is typical for an aquarium, incorporating non-seabirds into 2 large free-flight aviaries. Amphibians come in 4th place at 18 species, all frogs and toads, the vast majority of which are poison dart frogs. Elasmobranchs (which include sharks and rays) come in 5th place at 16 species, and the aquarium does indeed have a good shark and ray collection. The rest of the collection is a mixture of various aquatic or semi-aquatic species.

Special mention goes to parts of the fish collection, particularly the collection of freshwater Australian fish. Even the South American freshwater fish collection stands out, as it includes more than just your standard piranha/redtail catfish/tetra lineup.

And that will do it for this review. If you have been reading and following through, thank you very much and I hope you enjoyed this review, analysis, and species list. This one was definitely lengthier than my previous reviews, but then again, the National Aquarium is a very dense facility. But there's an even bigger one looming on the horizon, an absolute juggernaut of a facility that could very well take me over a week to finish, one that I hope to tackle sometime in the near future. But for now, I have a few other (and, thankfully, smaller) facilities I would like to do beforehand.

Coming Soon...

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The exhibit is certainly impressive for guests, but continually proves to be difficult for staff to maintain and service. This is especially true for the aviculturists who struggle to maintain groups of exotic birds that can be both viewable to guests, considering the exhibit is three stories tall, and can stay safe from the open water exhibits. The CEO initially ruffled feathers when he first started, as he found the exhibit to be a tremendous waste of space and wanted it replaced. In a way, you can see his point: a relatively new building that's nearly the same square footage as the original Pier 3 building, yet holds less than 10% of the Aquarium's animals and water volume.

That's definitely interesting to hear, and a little bit regrettable that this exhibit has been challenging for the aquarium to maintain, because it's a fantastic exhibit and I would hate to see it get gutted for any reason.

On the one hand, I can kind of see the CEO's viewpoint considering that the exhibit, at least as far as the both the visitor areas and actually exhibits are concerned, take up a comparatively smaller portion of the pavilion it's in compared to the main building. I actually noticed on my visit that quite a lot of space in there is not for visitors or exhibit space, and is instead taken up by landscaping, but I kind of neglected to mention that in my review (to be fair, it really didn't impact my overall opinion of the exhibit itself since, at the end of the day, the exhibit excelled where it needed to).

On the other hand, I thankfully never got that impression from my actual visit, nor did I actually get the impression that the aquarium was struggling to maintain this exhibit. The aquarium is still doing a great job of maintaining both the exhibit and still holding on to a lineup of wildlife that are mostly not displayed anywhere else in the country. Even after almost 20 years.

NAIB Volunteer said:
The exhibit has also lost a considerable number of species within the collection: gray-headed flying foxes, flocks of Gouldian, black-throated, and star finches, mulga, galah, sulfur crested, and Australian king parrots, Northern rosellas, and three species of pigeons used to fly around. They've all since passed, were deemed too difficult to keep long term, or replace given the difficulty in acquiring Australian animals.

All of these were free-roaming, right? The flying foxes in particular seem the most intriguing. While I do still think the exhibit has a solid bird lineup now, it definitely feels like a downgrade compared to what you have mentioned with some of these rare species having to be phased out.

I would have thought that the exhibit's huge size and multitude of spaces out of visitor sight would have allowed the birds to spread themselves out more and give them privacy?

NAIB Volunteer said:
All that to say is Australia: Wild Extremes was/is a daring exhibit and certainly deserves its 2008 AZA Exhibit of the Year Award. But how well it has aged and what the future holds for it's collection remains a debate in my opinion.

For me, there's no question in my mind whether or not the exhibit has aged well. It absolutely has. Even almost 20 years on, it still blew me away and just about every facet of it impressed me to some degree. Nothing about it seemed outdated. And even given the lose of species it experienced, I still found the collection to be the best part about it.

But given the information you did share, I do now wonder what the future has in store for this exhibit, since maintenance difficulties have killed exhibits in the past. Because if there's one thing that's constant in the zoo world, it's that unique and rarity-heavy collections are hard to hold on to long-term.

Thank you very much for sharing all of this information, btw! The tibits about the Tennessee Aquarium were especially amusing since it probably makes me want to write up a comparison between both facilities even more now.
 
An excellent review @Astrotom3000 ! I really enjoyed reading your descriptions and thoughts from a visitor's perspective. Also, kudos to you for doing a species list! They are always difficult, especially for aquariums. This aquarium in particular does better than most when listing as many species as possible and think you nailed the bulk of displayed species. If you're curious, I posted an update to an already established species list thread last summer here: National Aquarium Species List [National Aquarium in Baltimore]

I do keep a running list myself offline, but the frequency in which they change fluctuates so often it can be difficult to keep up. The official aquarium total (which does include all invertebrates and plants in both aviaries as well as the offsite Animal Care and Rescue Center) is 689 species. This doesn't necessarily represent all displayed species either - that's the total for every ascension into the collection.

Tennessee Aquarium is also a favorite of mine because of the similar layout, so I'm looking forward to reading your comparison!
 
All of these were free-roaming, right? The flying foxes in particular seem the most intriguing. While I do still think the exhibit has a solid bird lineup now, it definitely feels like a downgrade compared to what you have mentioned with some of these rare species having to be phased out.

I would have thought that the exhibit's huge size and multitude of spaces out of visitor sight would have allowed the birds to spread themselves out more and give them privacy?

Correct, all free-roaming. The bats where supposed to be displayed in one of the faux burned out trees, just about halfway up the exhibit canyon above the second, small display tank. Plenty of perching spots where built, their own off display area, etc.. But unfortunately, they found out as soon as the bats were released, they went all the way up to the highest point they could. Despite recall training, they never took to the tree.

63126-ba7fb072704a51a08152e50f68751f0f.jpg


As for the birds, a very similar situation occurred. Despite numerous perches, hiding spaces, and live plants, the birds mainly flew up and out of site on the third floor of the exhibit (the very top behind the faux rockwork). The only way they went around this was by simply stuffing the exhibit with birds. I remember when it first opened and the proceeding few years after being a very active and dynamic place. But like most new exhibits, there are trials and errors. Such a large collection of birds was difficult to manage and now its a fraction of what it once was.
 
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