when I was young they were down to just the last few Japanese birds but then the Chinese population was discovered, some were sent from there to Japan for breeding, and the numbers started slowly rising. But they were still so rare that I never hoped I would ever have the chance to actually see one, especially not in the wild which is now not hard to do so long as you go to the right places (which I will do some day!)
This page (from 2002) gives some details of the sad fate of the Japanese population: NIPPONIA
This page (from 2002) gives some details of the sad fate of the Japanese population: NIPPONIA