Ligers, Zonkeys and other hybrids

vogelcommando said:
Found some notes on this one :
1895 Hagenbeck sold a Leopard and a Puma to a menagerie-owner in Great Britain and here the pair bred 3 times. Each birth contained 2 young but of the 6 born only one survaived. This male was later sold ( again by Hagenbeck ) to the Zoo of Berlin were it died 1911.
Skull and skill are still to be found in the Natural History Museum in Berlin.
Its still not complete clear which of the parents was male and which female.
In an note in some kind of magazine its said the Leopard was the male and the Puma the female, on the label in the museum its however Puma-male and Leopard-female.
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In Carl Hagenbeck’s autobiography “Beasts and Men” (English translation, 1909) he writes:-

"A cross between a panther and a puma was undertaken, at my suggestion, at a small English menagerie. A number of young ones were born, but they all died except one, and there was nothing very noteworthy about the survivor."

Unfortunately Hagenbeck doesn't record the name of the "small English menagerie".

In addition, both “Cats of the World” (Armand Dennis; 1964) and “Mammalian Hybrids” (Annie P. Gray; 1975) record that Carl Hagenbeck bred a leopard x puma hybrid in Hamburg around 1900 which was successfully reared by a fox terrier bitch.

There are photos of a leopard × puma hybrid in the Tring Zoology Museum here:

Leopard x Puma hybrid; Tring Zoological Museum; 21st March 2010 - ZooChat

Leopard x Puma hybrid; Tring Zoological Museum; 21st March 2010 - ZooChat
 
In terms of hybrids between two species I’ve seen a common food fish in Taiwan is the “Dragon Tiger Grouper,” a hybrid between Epinephelus lanceolatus and fuscoguttatus. This fish has been released into the ocean by clueless people and it is an invasive pest now.
 
Tim May said:
In Carl Hagenbeck’s autobiography “Beasts and Men” (English translation, 1909) he writes:-

"A cross between a panther and a puma was undertaken, at my suggestion, at a small English menagerie. A number of young ones were born, but they all died except one, and there was nothing very noteworthy about the survivor."

Unfortunately Hagenbeck doesn't record the name of the "small English menagerie".

In addition, both “Cats of the World” (Armand Dennis; 1964) and “Mammalian Hybrids” (Annie P. Gray; 1975) record that Carl Hagenbeck bred a leopard x puma hybrid in Hamburg around 1900 which was successfully reared by a fox terrier bitch.

There are photos of a leopard × puma hybrid in the Tring Zoology Museum here:

Leopard x Puma hybrid; Tring Zoological Museum; 21st March 2010 - ZooChat

Leopard x Puma hybrid; Tring Zoological Museum; 21st March 2010 - ZooChat
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The 'small English menagerie' was Aderton and Haslam's Menagerie which was auctioned off in Bolton in 1898. The hybrid cub was bought by Hagenbeck for 26 guineas, along with the dam and sire.

Its possible that the puma and leopard went on to breed again under Hagenbeck but its also possible that the individual mentioned by Gray is the English-bred animal.
 
Paradoxurus said:
The 'small English menagerie' was Aderton and Haslam's Menagerie which was auctioned off in Bolton in 1898. The hybrid cub was bought by Hagenbeck for 26 guineas, along with the dam and sire.

Its possible that the puma and leopard went on to breed again under Hagenbeck but its also possible that the individual mentioned by Gray is the English-bred animal.
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Thanks for identifying the "small English menagerie".

Incidentally, "Living Animals of the World” (Editor C. L. Cornish) features a photograph of a living leopard x puma hybrid, credited to Carl Hagenbeck, Hamburg, which, according to the caption, is the specimen now in the Tring Museum.
 
Tim May said:
Thanks for identifying the "small English menagerie".

Incidentally, "Living Animals of the World” (Editor C. L. Cornish) features a photograph of a living leopard x puma hybrid, credited to Carl Hagenbeck, Hamburg, which, according to the caption, is the specimen now in the Tring Museum.
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There's a photo of a hybrid in Ellen Velvin's "From Jungle To Zoo" (1914) captioned "Two friends (leopard and dog) in Carl Hagenbeck's Zoo." I am not sure if it is the same photograph that Cornish uses as I have not seen "Living Animals of the World."

Its quite difficult to tell, but looking at the coat pattern and the black marking on the muzzle, the animal in the (Velvin) photo could well be the Tring animal.
 
Paradoxurus said:
There's a photo of a hybrid in Ellen Velvin's "From Jungle To Zoo" (1914) captioned "Two friends (leopard and dog) in Carl Hagenbeck's Zoo." I am not sure if it is the same photograph that Cornish uses as I have not seen "Living Animals of the World."
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Thanks for this; I'm not familiar with this book.

"Living Animals of the World” is a nice publication; amongst much else it features some interesting photographs, taken by the Duchess of Bedford, of the ungulates at Woburn.
 
Hybridization should not be an encouraged process. It hurts the Zoo populations of pure species meaning if at one point a release program is necessary for that species you have less animals. It hurts Education because you lead people away from the natural animal and instead the fabricated hybrids which usually have nothing to do with nature or important education.
The worst kind IMO is liger/tion breeding. It’s entirely a party trick for irresponsible animal owners to say that they can.
 
I don't think I've seen anyone else mention this one, but there were hybrid offspring produced in a Venezuelan zoo (Las Delicias) decades ago between Andean bear and Asian black bear. I've seen an old newspaper clipping about a drill/mandrill cross also.
 
Aardwolf said:
I don't think I've seen anyone else mention this one, but there were hybrid offspring produced in a Venezuelan zoo (Las Delicias) decades ago between Andean bear and Asian black bear.
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The book Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; From the Living Collections of the World (Richard Weigl; 2005) lists a spectacled bear x Asiatic black bear hybrid, born Las Delicias on 11th September 1975, that was still alive on 8th July 2004 at the age of 28 years 9 months.

Do any ZooChatters know how long this hybrid lived?
 
Aardwolf said:
I don't think I've seen anyone else mention this one, but there were hybrid offspring produced in a Venezuelan zoo (Las Delicias) decades ago between Andean bear and Asian black bear. I've seen an old newspaper clipping about a drill/mandrill cross also.
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Cool
 
I thought it would be helpful to add a compilation of all of the hybrids that have been posted in this thread thus far (I only included crosses produced in captive settings, not naturally occurring hybrids)

The pairings are in alphabetical order by scientific name, not male x female, and the taxonomy comes from ITIS

Family:Canidae
  • Gray wolf [Canis lupus (posted as C. l. linnaeus, a typo?)] x Dingo [Canis lupus dingo]

Family: Anatidae
  • Domestic greylag [Anser anser] x Domestic swan goose [Anser cygnoides]
Family: Camelidae
  • Bactrian camel [Camelus bactrianus] Dromedary camel [Camelus dromedarius]
Family: Cervidae
  • Axis deer [Axis axis] x Hog deer [Axis porcinus]
  • Indian muntjac [Muntiacus muntjak] x Reeves' muntjac [Muntiacus reevesi]
  • Mule deer [Odocoileus hemionus] x White-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus]
  • Visayan spotted deer [Rusa alfredi] x Philippine deer [Rusa marianna]
Family: Felidae
  • Lion [Panthera leo] x Tiger [Panthera tigris]
  • Jaguar [Panthera onca] x Leopard [Panthera pardus]
Family: Herpestidae
  • Indian gray mongoose [Herpestes edwardsi] x Egyptian mongoose [Herpestes ichneumon]
Family: Ursidae
  • Brown bear [Ursus arctos] x American black bear [Ursus americanus]
  • Brown bear [Ursus arctos] x Polar bear [Ursus maritimus]
  • Brown bear [Ursus arctos] x Asiatic black bear [Ursus thibetanus]
Family: Viverridae
  • Small-spotted genet [Genetta genetta] x Rusty-spotted genet [Genette maculata]
  • Small-spotted genet [Genetta genetta] x Pardine genet [Genetta pardina]
Family: Petauridae
  • Sugar glider [Petaurus breviceps] x Squirrel glider [Petaurus norfolcensis]
Family: Equidae
  • Somali wild ass [Equus africanus somaliensis] x Syrian wild ass [Equus hemippus]
  • Somali wild ass [Equus africanus somaliensis] x Chapman's zebra [Equus quagga chapmani]
  • Somali wild ass [Equus africanus somaliensis] x Mountain zebra [Equus zebra]
  • Domestic donkey [Equus asinus] x Grevy's zebra [Equus grevyi]
  • Domestic donkey [Equus asinus] x Plains zebra [Equus quagga]
  • Domestic donkey [Equus asinus] x Quagga [Equus quagga quagga]
  • Przewalski's wild horse [Equus ferus] x Kulan [Equus hemionus kulan]
  • Kiang [Equus kiang] x Mountain zebra [Equus zebra]
  • Chapman's zebra [Equus quagga chapmani] x Mountain zebra [Equus zebra]
Family: Atelidae
  • Geoffroy's spider monkey [Ateles geoffroyi geoffroyi] x Brown spider monkey [Ateles hybridus]
Family: Callitrichidae
  • Common marmoset [Callithrix jacchus] x Black pencilled marmoset [Callithrix penicillata]
Family: Cercopithecidae
  • Green monkey [Chlorocebus sabaeus] x Tantalus monkey [Chlorocebus tantalus]
  • Crab-eating macaque [Macaca fascicularis] x Southern pig-tailed macaque [Macaca nemestrina]
  • Rhesus macaque [Macaca mulatta] x Southern pig-tailed macaque [Macaca nemestrina]
  • Rhesus macaque [Macaca mulatta] x Bonnet macaque [Macaca radiata]
  • Bonnet macaque [Macaca radiata] x Toque macaque [Macaca sinica]
  • Drill [Mandrillus leucophaeus] x Mandrill [Mandrillus sphinx]
  • Olive baboon [Papio anubis] x Yellow baboon [Papio cynocephalus]
  • Olive baboon [Papio anubis] x Hamadryas baboon [Papio hamadryas]
  • Spectacled langur [Trachypithecus obscurus obscurus] x Phayre's langur [Trachypithecus phayrei]
Family: Hominidae
  • Sumatran orangutan [Pongo abelii] x Bornean orangutan [Pongo pygmaeus]
Family: Hylobatidae
  • Moloch gibbon [Hylobates moloch] x Pileated gibbon [Hylobates pileatus]
Family: Lemuridae
  • Brown lemur [Eulemur fulvus] x Mongoose lemur [Eulemur mongoz]
  • Brown lemur [Eulemur fulvus] x Black lemur [Eulemur macaco]
  • Red ruffed lemur [Varecia rubra] x Black-and-white ruffed lemur [Varecia variegata]
Family: Serranidae
  • Giant grouper [Epinephelus lanceolatus] x Black rockcod [Epinephelus fuscoguttatus]

Family: Anatidae
  • Domestic Greylag x Chinese goose [Anser anser x Anser cygnoides] x Mute swan [Cygnus olor]
Family: Fringillidae
  • Domestic canary [Serinus canaria] x Red siskin [Spinus cucullatus]
Family: Camelidae
  • Alpaca [Vicugna pacos] x Guanaco [Lama glama guanicoe]
Family: Cervidae
  • Axis deer [Axis axis] x Fallow deer [Dama dama]
  • Axis deer [Axis axis] x Javan rusa [Rusa timorensis]
  • Red deer [Cervus elaphus] x Pere David's deer [Elaphurus davidianus]
  • Elk [Cervus elaphus canadensis] x Mule deer [Odocoileus hemionus]
  • Sika deer [Cervus nippon] x Sambar deer [Rusa unicolor]
Family: Tayassuidae
  • White-lipped peccary [Tayassu pecari] x Collared peccary [Pecari tajacu]
Family: Felidae
  • Leopard [Panthera pardus] x Cougar [Puma concolor]
Family: Otariidae
  • South African fur seal [Arctocephalus pusillus] x California sea lion [Zalophus californianus]
Family: Ursidae
  • Spectacled bear [Tremarctos ornatus] x Asiatic black bear [Ursus thibetanus]
Family: Delphinidae
  • False killer whale [Pseudorca crassidens] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
Family: Macropodidae
  • Swamp wallaby [Wallabia bicolor] x Agile wallaby [Macropus agilis]
Family: Callitrichidae
  • Common marmoset [Callithrix jacchus] x Silvery marmoset [Mico argentatus]
Family: Cercopithecidae
  • Vervet monkey [Chlorocebus pygerythrus] x Rhesus macaque [Macaca mulatta]
  • Crab-eating macaque [Macaca fascicularis] x Mandrill [Mandrillus sphinx]
  • Rhesus macaque [Macaca mulatta] x Collared mangabey [Cercocebus torquatus]
  • Hanuman langur [Semnopithecus entellus] x Capped langur [Trachypithecus pileatus]
Family: Elephantidae
  • Asian elephant [Elephas maximus] x African bush elephant [Loxodonta africana]

A few more captive hybrids that haven't been mentioned yet:
  • Common dolphin [Delphinus delphis] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    - F1 hybrids and backcrosses still living and reproducing at SeaWorld San Diego, Discovery Cove Orlando, and IMMS's Ocean Adventure
  • Risso's dolphin [Grampus griseus] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    - F1 hybrid born in 1993 still living at Minamichita Beach Land
  • Pacific white-sided dolphin [Lagenorhynchus obliquidens] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    - F1 hybrid born in 1996 still living at Shinagawa Aquarium
  • Guiana dolphin [Sotalia guianensis] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    -     Only known hybrid born at Oceanario Islas del Rosario in 1996, died at six years old
  • Rough-toothed dolphin [Steno bredanensis] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    - Calf born at Sea Life Park (the "wholphin" facility) in 1971 lived three years
  • Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops aduncus] x Bottlenose dolphin [Tursiops truncatus]
    - F1 hybrids and backcrosses still living and reproducing at uShaka Marine World
 
Tigons at the Canberra National Zoo

The National Zoo had a sibling pair which died in the mid 2000’s:

In 1987, two tigons (Aster, a male, and Tangier, a female) were bred accidentally to a Bengal tiger and a lioness at an Ashtons Circus in Australia. In 1994 Aster mauled a child who put his arms through the bars of the tigons' cage.

In December 2000, Australia's National Zoo in Canberra acquired the tigons, along with lions and tigers, from the private facility whose big cat accommodation was found to be inadequate. Although the zoo does not normally take on hybrids and will not breed any hybrid big cats, the tigons had no alternative and have proven to be star attractions.

Aster weighs approx 160 kg (around the same as a large adult female Bengal tiger, but small for a male). Tangier weighs 145 kg (average for an adult female Bengal). Although they mate regularly when Tangier is in season, no offspring have been produced and Aster is assumed to be sterile. There are no plans to breed further hybrids or to mate Tangier to either a lion or tiger to ascertain whether she is fertile.

Zazizam.com : Education - Tigon
 
Seahorse World keeps a few specimens of hybrid seahorses, Hippocampus angustus x H. elongatus. The signage says they are captive bred but doesn't say if they were bred at Seahorse World or elsewhere (I would imagine they were bred on-site as Seahorse World does breed several seahorse species), or if they were intentionally bred or if it was some kind of accident.

full
 
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