An endangered butterfly that is one of the rarest in San Diego County could get a new lease on life thanks to a breeding program at the San Diego Zoo.
The population of the Quino checkerspot butterfly, known for its distinctive checkerboard-patterned orange, black and white wings, has drastically declined due to urban development cutting into its habitat, experts at the zoo said.
It’s currently on the brink of extinction. How close to the verge of being no more? The Center for Biological Diversity reported that one biologist described it as a plane with “four engines out and about 10 seconds to impact.”
Paige Howorth, the zoo's associate curator of entomology, said staff members are doing everything they can to insure the butterflies can successfully reproduce.
The bugs are being hand-fed nectar fortified with vitamins and minerals and new tiny larvae are provided with fresh dwarf plantain host plants, which are also being grown in the lab.
Once one of the most common butterflies in Southern California – its range was from the Santa Monica Mountains to Baja – the tiny Quino is now hardly ever seen. Experts blame drought as well as development for the species’ decline
“Urban and agricultural development, invasion of nonnative species, habitat fragmentation and degradation, increased fire frequency, and other human-caused disturbances have resulted in substantial losses of habitat throughout the species’ historic range,” said experts with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Howorth said the butterfly has lost 75 percent of its historic range and that its population has declined some 95 percent since it was listed as endangered in 1997.
Some years only one or two of the flying insects with the two-inch wing span are seen.
Last year there were not enough found in the wild to create a recovery population in the zoo’s butterfly conservation lab. This year, however, five males and seven females as well as some eggs were found.
“My hope for this project is a successful breeding program for the Quino checkerspot butterfly, and that they will be reintroduced into restored habitat and become as common as they once were,” said Howorth. "They need the help and we have the expertise to do it."