Houston’s barns have sand floors with the exception of one stall per barn used for bathing/hosing.Today's post is the twentieth animal covered in this thread, and it's a big one (literally), Asian Elephants! The smaller of the two elephant species, Asian elephants are also the longer-lived species. Elephants in zoos, and the management techniques used with them, has been under strict scrutiny over the past decade or two. As a result, many zoos have thankfully built new, state-of-the-art facilities for elephants.
The criteria used in this post are:
The exhibits chosen for this post are:
- Space: Elephants are big animals, and ones that walk across long distances in the wild. As such, maximizing the space available to them should be prioritized in any elephant exhibit.
- Enrichment/Exhibit Furnishings: Elephants are also very intelligent animals, and as such it's important to build habitats that provide an enriching home. Unfortunately, many zoos historically kept elephants in more barren exhibits due to their destructive nature, but a good elephant exhibit should involve finding ways to safely add a variety of enriching components to the exhibit.
- Social Structure: Elephants are social creatures, who in the wild live in multi-generational, matriarchal herds, or alternatively bachelor male groups. Unfortunately, zoos have historically housed elephants either alone or in small same-age groups, not replicating this natural social structure- which is a priority for this post.
- Flexibility: While social, not all elephants will always get along. As such, zoos should have the flexibility of multiple yards for their elephants, as this not only allows flexible social groups but also allows elephants more enriching opportunities.
- Water Feature: Elephants are great swimmers, and any good elephant exhibit should include a pool large enough for the elephants to swim in.
- Natural Substrate: Both the indoor and outdoor portions of an elephant exhibit should incorporate some sort of natural substrate (e.g. sand, grass, dirt), as traditional hard floors can make elephants prone to foot problems/arthritis. This is especially true in northern zoos where the elephants have to spend a good portion of time inside.
- Houston Zoo (now only the third zoo to be featured four times in this thread) not only has the best track record of breeding Asian elephants, but is also home to one of the most impressive elephant complexes in the country. The multi-acre McNair Asian Elephant Habitat contains multiple yards for the zoo's large herd to rotate through, each filled with plenty of enriching opportunities for the elephants. With thirteen elephants, Houston Zoo also has the largest Asian elephant herd visible to the public in the US. While unfortunately the indoor barn does not feature a natural substrate, at least Houston is in an ideal climate for the elephants to be outside year-round:
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
- The only bachelor herd of Asian elephants in the US can be found in Denver Zoo's Elephant Passage exhibit. This exhibit rotates with rhinos and tapirs as well, creating an excellent complex for Asian pachyderms. Uniquely, the Denver Zoo employs Zoo360-style overpasses as part of this rotation, meaning the elephants are able to walk right over the visitor path. There are five male elephants at the Denver Zoo, which makes for an excellent, impressive display. The day room of this exhibit has sand floors, which is a commendable move by the Denver Zoo as well:
Photo by: @Pleistohorse![]()
Photo by: @MGolka![]()
Photo by: @MGolka![]()
Photo by: @Ituri![]()
- Deciding to go all in on elephants, the Smithsonian National Zoo phased out giraffes, rhinos, and pygmy hippos in order to build an impressive, state-of-the-art elephant complex. Elephant Trails is currently home to seven Asian elephants, including a mother-daughter pair recently imported from Europe. This exhibit features an impressive large day room (including sand floors!), as well as a long trail for the elephants to walk, replicating their natural behaviors of walking long distances in the wild:
Photo by: @red river hog![]()
Photo by: @AmbikaFan![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
- Sanctuary Asia at the Oklahoma City Zoo is another very impressive exhibit for Asian elephants, which similar to Denver Zoo rotate between multiple exhibits with greater one-horned rhinos. Oklahoma City Zoo currently has eight Asian elephants, and display them in multiple large exhibits with plenty of enrichment opportunities. While it appears the viewing opportunities for the indoor portion is awkward, there is a sand stall to allow elephants a natural substrate even when indoors:
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Drew![]()
- Nine Asian elephants reside in Saint Louis Zoo's River's Edge exhibit. This complex features three different habitats for the large elephant herd, allowing their elephants access to an impressive, large naturalistic exhibit, which happens to be one of the largest Asian elephant complexes in the United States, and arguably the most naturalistic:
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
When this thread first started I thought of numerous candidates for this species. All five choices are really good and I think few will disagree. A few others that could have gotten a nod are Oregon, Fort Worth and Rosamond Gifford (based on your avatar I'm a little surprised that last one wasn't includedToday's post is the twentieth animal covered in this thread, and it's a big one (literally), Asian Elephants! The smaller of the two elephant species, Asian elephants are also the longer-lived species. Elephants in zoos, and the management techniques used with them, has been under strict scrutiny over the past decade or two. As a result, many zoos have thankfully built new, state-of-the-art facilities for elephants.
The criteria used in this post are:
The exhibits chosen for this post are:
- Space: Elephants are big animals, and ones that walk across long distances in the wild. As such, maximizing the space available to them should be prioritized in any elephant exhibit.
- Enrichment/Exhibit Furnishings: Elephants are also very intelligent animals, and as such it's important to build habitats that provide an enriching home. Unfortunately, many zoos historically kept elephants in more barren exhibits due to their destructive nature, but a good elephant exhibit should involve finding ways to safely add a variety of enriching components to the exhibit.
- Social Structure: Elephants are social creatures, who in the wild live in multi-generational, matriarchal herds, or alternatively bachelor male groups. Unfortunately, zoos have historically housed elephants either alone or in small same-age groups, not replicating this natural social structure- which is a priority for this post.
- Flexibility: While social, not all elephants will always get along. As such, zoos should have the flexibility of multiple yards for their elephants, as this not only allows flexible social groups but also allows elephants more enriching opportunities.
- Water Feature: Elephants are great swimmers, and any good elephant exhibit should include a pool large enough for the elephants to swim in.
- Natural Substrate: Both the indoor and outdoor portions of an elephant exhibit should incorporate some sort of natural substrate (e.g. sand, grass, dirt), as traditional hard floors can make elephants prone to foot problems/arthritis. This is especially true in northern zoos where the elephants have to spend a good portion of time inside.
- Houston Zoo (now only the third zoo to be featured four times in this thread) not only has the best track record of breeding Asian elephants, but is also home to one of the most impressive elephant complexes in the country. The multi-acre McNair Asian Elephant Habitat contains multiple yards for the zoo's large herd to rotate through, each filled with plenty of enriching opportunities for the elephants. With thirteen elephants, Houston Zoo also has the largest Asian elephant herd visible to the public in the US. While unfortunately the indoor barn does not feature a natural substrate, at least Houston is in an ideal climate for the elephants to be outside year-round:
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
- The only bachelor herd of Asian elephants in the US can be found in Denver Zoo's Elephant Passage exhibit. This exhibit rotates with rhinos and tapirs as well, creating an excellent complex for Asian pachyderms. Uniquely, the Denver Zoo employs Zoo360-style overpasses as part of this rotation, meaning the elephants are able to walk right over the visitor path. There are five male elephants at the Denver Zoo, which makes for an excellent, impressive display. The day room of this exhibit has sand floors, which is a commendable move by the Denver Zoo as well:
Photo by: @Pleistohorse![]()
Photo by: @MGolka![]()
Photo by: @MGolka![]()
Photo by: @Ituri![]()
- Deciding to go all in on elephants, the Smithsonian National Zoo phased out giraffes, rhinos, and pygmy hippos in order to build an impressive, state-of-the-art elephant complex. Elephant Trails is currently home to seven Asian elephants, including a mother-daughter pair recently imported from Europe. This exhibit features an impressive large day room (including sand floors!), as well as a long trail for the elephants to walk, replicating their natural behaviors of walking long distances in the wild:
Photo by: @red river hog![]()
Photo by: @AmbikaFan![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
Photo by: @Moebelle![]()
- Sanctuary Asia at the Oklahoma City Zoo is another very impressive exhibit for Asian elephants, which similar to Denver Zoo rotate between multiple exhibits with greater one-horned rhinos. Oklahoma City Zoo currently has eight Asian elephants, and display them in multiple large exhibits with plenty of enrichment opportunities. While it appears the viewing opportunities for the indoor portion is awkward, there is a sand stall to allow elephants a natural substrate even when indoors:
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Coelacanth18![]()
Photo by: @Drew![]()
- Nine Asian elephants reside in Saint Louis Zoo's River's Edge exhibit. This complex features three different habitats for the large elephant herd, allowing their elephants access to an impressive, large naturalistic exhibit, which happens to be one of the largest Asian elephant complexes in the United States, and arguably the most naturalistic:
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
Photo by: @pachyderm pro![]()
I genuinely almost put Rosamond Gifford (and Oregon was considered as well). Ultimately, I decided against Rosamond Gifford mainly because the barn lacks natural substrate, which is a bit of a problem when located in a cold climate. Other than that one problem though, it likely would've been an easy choice for the list. If I was to choose six Elephant exhibits though, that would've been the sixth.When this thread first started I thought of numerous candidates for this species. All five choices are really good and I think few will disagree. A few others that could have gotten a nod are Oregon, Fort Worth and Rosamond Gifford (based on your avatar I'm a little surprised that last one wasn't included). Cincinnati and Tulsa are both unveiling massive new complexes next year that could outshine some of the entires mentioned here, so it looks like the future is bright for this species in the US.
The Denver exhibit wasn't even on my radar for orangutans. There are no recent photos of the exhibit, so in my research I didn't come across it. However, it does look like an impressive exhibit and had I seen photos prior to the post there's a fair chance I would've included it.Sorry to backtrack to this animal again, I did want to ask if Denver was under consideration for orangutan. It is by far the best of the three orangutan exhibits I've seen in person, though it's not hard to beat the other two I've seen. I think I know why Denver was skipped but still thought I'd ask.
Yeah, I just noticed if I used on-site search, no photos even came up, oddly, although the gallery contains two images by @snowleopard of the exhibit here and here which you probably already have found since I asked. I found a few dayroom images from @Pleistohorse and felt this one best. I also have multiple images of the dayroom which is filled with climbing structures, and in my case had up to three orangutans using it. (I have no personal images of the exterior.) This is the only one that I can share, as the other two contain visible guests.The Denver exhibit wasn't even on my radar for orangutans. There are no recent photos of the exhibit, so in my research I didn't come across it. However, it does look like an impressive exhibit and had I seen photos prior to the post there's a fair chance I would've included it.

This was a species that there was a lot of competition for. Looking at the 23 species so far, the ones with the most competition were kangaroos, Asian elephants, giraffes, and grey wolves: all with well over five impressive exhibits that could've easily qualified. Conversely, some species like orangutans, takin, capybara, giant anteater, and North American porcupine had much lower standards in order to qualify for the thread.A great list for kangaroos, but there are two zoos that I remember having spectacular roo exhibits and perhaps the competition was too fierce for them to be included.
Kansas City Zoo has a wonderful exhibit and Detroit Zoo has around a dozen macropods in a two-acre habitat. I'm pretty sure that Detroit has the largest kangaroo walk-through in North America, or it must be right near the top. Maybe it's too large?